Short-stem cutting is the main method for breeding tea varieties. It is understood that the tea area planted at high altitude is vulnerable to drought and freezing damage in autumn and winter, and the survival rate and yield of cutting seedlings are low. How can it be improved? The following is the technique of film-free seedling raising, and the effect is very good. You can refer to it.
1. Material preparation
(1) Water pipes, watering, according to the wide and narrow configuration of the nursery.
(2) The mulch film is used as a sealing cutting seedling surface, which is the most cost-effective 2m wide mulch, about 150kg per hectare.
(3) Bamboo bow, used as a cover film bracket, with a bow length of 2.2 m and a width of 2 cm, requiring about 4,500 kg per hectare.
(4) Shade, various crop straws, thatch, etc. can be used, and a special shade net can also be used.
2. Nursery finishing
The nursery ground should be close to the water source. The water jet head should be better than the earthworm for more than 3m, which is convenient for operation and improve the spraying effect. Second, the sandy loam with sufficient sunshine and deep soil layer should have a pH value below 6.5. In the newly opened nursery, we must dig 30 to 40 cm to remove various plant roots. In the case of a nursery, the crop straw and debris should be removed first and then fully turned over. Whether it is newly opened or replaced by a nursery, it must be deep-tilted and flattened, then ditched to do it. The nursery is better in the east-west direction. The general width is 40cm, the width is 120cm, and the length is less than 20m. The kneading surface is required to be flat, and the sieved fine soil of 4 to 5 cm thick is laid.
3. Cutting
It is required to select annual brown-red or yellow-green shoots without pests and diseases, and the diameter of the branches is preferably about 4 mm. "Hemp stems" and green tender stems have slow roots and low survival rate, which is not suitable as cuttings. The cuttings should be 2.5 cm long, and the cuts should be smooth and free of tear damage. The earing should be carried out in a cool place indoors. The cuttings should be inclined 45° to the direction of the leaf surface, the upper and lower ends are parallel, and the upper cutting is 2 mm higher than the axillary bud. The row spacing of the cuttings depends on the size of the leaves of the variety. The general row spacing is 7.5 to 10.0 cm, and the plant spacing is 2.0 to 2. 5 cm. The leaves are not covered by leaves, and 380 to 500 per square meter are inserted. Pay attention to the angle when cutting, and do not let the blade close to the ground.
4. management
Immediately after the insertion, the water is poured at a time, and it is required to be sprayed with a small water flow, poured and thoroughly poured, and then covered. When covering, first insert the bamboo bow, insert one every 4 to 5 rows, then cover the plastic film on the bamboo arch bracket, and press it around with soil to seal the airtight. The grass is covered, and the grass can be covered with high grass or covered directly outside the film. The shade is required to be 70% to 80%. The face and both sides should be evenly covered. There should be no "big eyes" to prevent the tea seedlings from being trapped. Sunburn burns. In places where conditions permit, piling and drawing can also be done with a special shade net.
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