About one billion species of microorganisms live in one gram of soil. These microorganisms are largely storage rooms for fertilizers. They not only prevent the loss of fertilizer, but also produce the nutrients necessary for many crops to grow. If the soil is obviously acidified and salinized, it will affect the soil's ability to retain fertilizer and water, and bring about the loss of fertilizer in the soil.
1. Use reasonable farming methods. In the fruit areas with large slopes, the loss of chemical fertilizer runoff is easy to occur. Conservation tillage (no-till or less tillage) should be adopted to reduce the disturbance to the soil, and straw returning can be used to reduce runoff loss. In the plain area where leakage is the main mode of loss of fertilizer, the cultivation can destroy the large pores of the soil, or control the drainage to maintain the soil moisture, and avoid the leakage of large pores caused by the drying of the soil particles.
2. Use reasonable irrigation methods. Orchards are encouraged to adopt advanced irrigation methods such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation to minimize flood irrigation; to strengthen field water management for paddy fields and minimize farmland water discharge.
3. Establish an ecological buffer zone. Between the orchard and the protected water body, a natural ecological system should be used to establish a buffer zone, or a protective belt should be artificially set on the riverside or lakeside to intercept the nutrient flowing out of the farmland, improve the purification ability of nutrients, and prevent nutrients from flowing into the surrounding river. Water bodies such as lakes and reservoirs.
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