Gladiolus gandavensis Van Houtte. Alias ​​eight hundred hammer, hammer hit, copper hammer and so on. Is an iris family perennial herb. Use bulbs for medicine. Guangdong, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan and other provinces have production.
Symptoms damage leaves, flowers, bulbs. The leaves are infected with primary keratinocytes, and the posterior veins expand into oblong-brown lesions with pale reddish-brown edges and yellow-green halos. Concentric ring patterns can be seen on old lesions. There are dark brown moldy layers in the center. Conidiophores and conidia. Flowering disease produces irregular round to oval yellow-brown lesions that turn black later. The stems are infected with light-to-black squads, which are shallow to deep, resulting in brown soft wood rot in the center of the bulbs.
Pathogen Cuurvularia trifolii (Kauffm.) Boedijn. f. Sp. Gladioli Parmelee & Luttrell called Curvularia spp. Colony hairy, gray-brown to black. Conidiophore brown, single or branched, with multiple buckling at the top, size 1505-7 (μm). The conidiospores were fusiformly curved with 3 membranes, 23-2812-16 (μm) in size. The middle two cells were dark brown and the cells at both ends were light brown.
Transmission routes and pathogenic conditions The pathogens overwinter in diseased bulbs or seeds and soil. The following year is spread by air currents and rain. Throughout the growing period, young tissues may also be infested and prone to onset in warm and rainy seasons.
Prevention methods (1) Rotation for more than 3 years. (2) Bulb or seed treatment. The husked seeds were soaked in a 0.05%-0.1% detergent hot solution (57°C) for 10 minutes. Bulbs were soaked with 50% benomyl (Benzolide) WP 10,000 times for 10-15 minutes. (3) Spray 70% mancozeb WP or 500 times of 25% Benzophenone EC 800 times at the early stage of disease.
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