The dwarf planting and cultivation of apple trees is a cultivation method using apple dwarfing rootstocks to dwarf trees, increasing the planting density of fruit trees per unit area, and planting more trees to increase the yield per unit area of ​​apple trees. Its cultivation management is different from that of Qiaohua. The management points are as follows:
1. Increased Planting Density The apple tree crowns grafted by dwarfing anvils are smaller in volume than the apple tree canopies grafted by Qiaohua anvils. The yield per plant of dwarfing anvil apple trees is lower than the yield per plant of Qiaohuanstock apple trees. Therefore, planting dwarfing Apple trees must be planted according to different kinds of dwarf rootstocks and different types of short-stemmed varieties, and appropriate planting density should be appropriately planted. For example, the M26 interstock apple tree can generally be planted with 80-100 mu per mu, M7 interstock apple trees, and 50-60 mu per mu plant.
2. The contradiction of large tree-dwarf dense planting apple trees that are not suitable for multi-branches and their high planting densities, the limited space for tree growth, and the excessive number of shoots and leaves of plants and the excessively high growth rate are the main contradictions. Therefore, when tree pruning and shaping are performed, trunk sparsely shaped tree shapes should not be adopted, but spindle-shaped, elongated spindle shapes, or modified spindle-shaped trees should be used. No matter which kind of spindle-shaped tree, its structural characteristics are main branch without side branch. When pruning the tree, pay attention to the size of the canopy and leave more main branches. As the main branches increase and there are no side branches, it is necessary to prevent the growth potential of the main branches from growing stronger than that of the central stem. Do not make the main branches of the tree grow and grow too thick, so as not to affect the growth potential of the center stem, leading to the central stem. The growth is weak and weak. The branches of each main branch should be reduced. The method of pruning should be based on light shearing and less short cuts. When pruning in winter, the main branches of young trees may not be cut.
3. Pay attention to the timely update of the trees. The planting densities of rejuvenation and dwarf dense planting apple trees are high. The yield per unit area is high, but the light in the dwarf planted apple orchard is not as thin as the apple orchard planted in the apple orchard. Therefore, the fertilizer When there is a slight shortage of supply, tree vigor is easily weakened. If the trees planted are short-stemmed varieties, management can no longer keep up, and trees are more prone to premature aging. Due to the above reasons, after the tree enters the full fruit period, some of the tree's flowering parts have reached the top of the tree, and special attention must be paid to the timely renewing and pruning of trees; in the management of fertilizer and water, nutrition and water supply must be ensured; In order to balance the tree balance, we must maintain the growth advantage of the center and delay the aging of the tree so that the economic life of the tree can be extended.
4. Improve light conditions, enhance the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves dwarf dense planting of apple trees, planting more plants, more branches of trees, more leaves, therefore, should take a variety of measures to improve the lighting conditions required to enhance leaf photosynthetic efficiency. To this end, winter pruning should pay attention to sparse cutting, short cuts, summer pruning, timely and appropriate tree structure adjustment, canopy closure problems, increase the effective leaf area coefficient, and enhance the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves; also should be reduced from the orchard Shading. When constructing an orchard in a mountainous area, it is necessary to build a garden in a sunny open space. It is best to plant trees in the north and south rows and plant them in a rectangular shape. Planting trees needs to be spaced more than the distance between the rows to extend the duration of light and enhance photosynthetic efficiency. After appropriate thinning of branches and leaves, it is also necessary to prevent premature decay and shedding of the leaves to ensure that the photosynthetic efficiency in the late growth stage is still good. ,
Garden Mould,Pathway Molds,Garden Path Mould,Garden Pavement Mold
Eastony Industries (NingBo) Co., LTD. , https://www.eastony.com