According to the forecast of climate trends by the Meteorological Department, the average temperature this winter is slightly lower than usual. In order to effectively prevent the effects of barley freezing damage and weed damage, the following effective measures must be taken to prevent:
Topdressing and antifreeze For fields with poor soil quality, insufficient base fertilizer application or late sowing date, use the favorable opportunity of current soil moisture to apply seedling fertilizer in time, and apply quick-acting fertilizer in time to freeze-damaged and waterlogged fields to promote barley growth. Generally 3~5 kg of urea is topdressed per mu.
Chemical control and prevention of land plots with prosperous growth or high density can choose chemical control and prevention. The specific method is to reduce the dosage of paclobutrazol and mix with mepiper, or use the compounding agent of paclobutrazol and mepiper, dozole·mepiper, to prevent the wheat seedling population from increasing too much.
Timely chemical weeding For fields that have not been removed before, chemical weeding is carried out before jointing. The herbicide should be sprayed in fine weather. It is recommended to use 5% pinoxaden; for broad-leaved weeds, use 20% fluroxyacetic acid 70 ml/mu, and spray control on stems and leaves.
For wheat fields with weak growth or freezing damage, the spring topdressing time should be appropriately advanced for the turning-green jointing fertilizer and booting fertilizer topdressing. The turning-green jointing fertilizer shall be topdressed with about 7.5 kg of urea per mu. For wheat fields with high fertility, sufficient base fertilizer, and vigorous growth, it is necessary to apply less or no nitrogen fertilizer. To prevent late maturity and lodging, 3 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 2.5 kg of potassium oxide can be topdressed per mu during the re-green jointing period. Booting fertilizer is top-dressed depending on the seedling situation. For fields with less than 250,000 booting ears per mu, 3~5 kg of urea per mu can be top-dressed at the beginning of earing. In addition, according to the occurrence of diseases and pests in the field, timely control of barley aphids, sheath blight, powdery mildew, head blight and other pests and diseases should be carried out.
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The automatic biochemical analyzer is an instrument that measures a specific chemical composition in body fluids according to the principle of photoelectric colorimetry. Due to its fast measurement speed, high accuracy and small consumption of reagents, it has been widely used in hospitals, epidemic prevention stations and family planning service stations at all levels. The combined use can greatly improve the efficiency and benefits of routine biochemical testing.
principle
The automatic analyzer is to automatically run all or part of the steps of sampling, mixing, warm bath (37°C) detection, result calculation, judgment, display and printing results and cleaning in the original manual operation process. Today, biochemical tests are basically automated analysis, and there are fully automatic biochemical analysis systems designed for large or very large clinical laboratories and commercial laboratories, which can be arbitrarily configured according to the laboratory's testing volume.
Whether it is the fastest-running (9600Test/h) modular fully automatic biochemical analyzer today, or the original manual-operated photoelectric colorimeter for colorimetry, the principle is the use of absorption spectroscopy in spectroscopic technology. It is the most basic core of the biochemical instrument.
Optical system: is a key part of ACA. Older ACA systems used halogen tungsten lamps, lenses, color filters, and photocell assemblies. The optical part of the new ACA system has been greatly improved. ACA's beam splitting system can be divided into front splitting and rear splitting due to different light positions. The advanced optical components use a set of lenses between the light source and the cuvette to convert the original light source. The light projected by the lamp passes through the cuvette to bring the beam to the speed of light (unlike traditional wedge beams), so that the spot beam can pass through even the smallest cuvette. Compared with traditional methods, it can save reagent consumption by 40-60%. After the spot beam passes through the cuvette, the spot beam is restored to the original beam through this group of restoration lenses (wide difference correction system), and is divided into several fixed wavelengths (about 10 or more wavelengths) by the grating. The optical/digital signal direct conversion technology is used to directly convert the optical signal in the optical path into a digital signal. It completely eliminates the interference of electromagnetic waves to the signal and the attenuation in the process of signal transmission. At the same time, the optical fiber is used in the signal transmission process, so that the signal can achieve no attenuation, and the test accuracy is improved by nearly 100 times. The closed combination of the optical path system makes the optical path without any maintenance, and the light splitting is accurate and the service life is long.
Constant temperature system: Since the temperature of the biochemical reaction has a great influence on the reaction results, the sensitivity and accuracy of the constant temperature system directly affect the measurement results. The early biochemical instruments used the method of air bath, and later developed into a dry bath with constant temperature liquid circulation which combines the advantages of dry air bath and water bath. The principle is to design a constant temperature tank around the cuvette, and add a stable constant temperature liquid that is odorless, non-polluting, non-evaporating and non-deteriorating in the tank. The constant temperature liquid has a large capacity, good thermal stability and uniformity. The cuvette does not directly contact the constant temperature liquid, which overcomes the characteristics of the water bath type constant temperature being susceptible to pollution and the uneven and unstable air bath.
Sample reaction stirring technology and probe technology: The traditional reaction stirring technology adopts magnetic bead type and vortex stirring type. The current popular stirring technology is a stirring unit composed of multiple groups of stirring rods that imitate the manual cleaning process. When the first group of stirring rods is stirring the sample/reagent or mixed solution, the second group of stirring rods performs high-speed and high-efficiency cleaning at the same time. The set of stirring bars also undergoes a warm water washing and air drying process at the same time. In the design of a single stirring rod, a new type of spiral high-speed rotating stirring is adopted, and the rotation direction is opposite to the spiral direction, thereby increasing the stirring force, the stirred liquid does not foam, and reducing the scattering of light by microbubbles. Reagent and sample probes are based on the principle of early capacitive sensing, but slightly improved to increase the alarm of blood clots and protein clots, and re-test results according to the alarm level, reducing sample aspiration errors and improving the reliability of test results. . Large-scale biochemical instruments can detect more than 1,000 tests per hour, so automatic retesting is very important. Subjective evaluation of test results and manual retesting can no longer meet clinical needs.
Other aspects: barcode recognition of reagents and samples and computer login. Due to the lack of barcode recognition function of early biochemical instruments, there are more opportunities for errors. In recent years, both imported and domestic chemical instruments have adopted barcode detection. The use of this technology in biochemical instruments has provided technical support for the development of high-speed ACA, and also made the instrument quite supportive. The software development is simple and easy, therefore, barcode detection is the basis for the intelligence of the instrument. Open reagents, as an important factor for hospitals to choose models, whether the instrument supports open reagents is very important. After the reagents are opened, hospitals and scientific research units can choose their own reagent suppliers, and have a greater degree of freedom in measuring the price, the reliability of the test results, and the validity period of the reagents. Ion Selective Electrode Analysis Accessory (ISE), human serum and urine electrolyte indicators are very important, and hospitals can save money by adding ISE to the ACA system.
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