Since organic fertilizer cannot be absorbed and utilized by crops immediately after it is applied to the soil, in order to meet the needs of vegetable growth and cultivate strong trees, it is necessary to apply appropriate amount of quick-acting fertilizer in the base fertilizer, but many vegetable farmers exist in this application process The following misunderstandings:
1. A large amount of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer is used in base fertilizer
At present, there are three main types of nitrogen fertilizers we use, namely ammonium nitrogen fertilizers (such as ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, etc.), amide nitrogen fertilizers (urea, etc.) and nitrate nitrogen fertilizers (such as potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, etc.). Generally, ammonium nitrogen fertilizers and amide nitrogen fertilizers cannot be directly absorbed and utilized by vegetables, and must be converted into nitrate nitrogen by microorganisms before they can be absorbed in large quantities by vegetables. In addition, ammonium nitrogen fertilizers and amide nitrogen fertilizers will be adsorbed by the soil when they exist in the soil and will lose less with water, so they are suitable for base fertilizer.
Ammonium nitrogen fertilizer is easy to decompose at high temperature and release ammonia gas, which leads to nutrient loss. Therefore, it is not suitable to apply before high temperature and stuffy shed. When applying it, pay attention to mixing ammonium nitrogen fertilizer with organic fertilizer and turning it deeply into the soil. It is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer.
2. Excessive application of phosphate fertilizer
In the early stage of plants, there is a large demand for phosphate fertilizer, and phosphate fertilizer is easily fixed by the soil, so that the effect of applying it in the base fertilizer is the best.
Vegetable farmers do not need to use phosphate fertilizer after applying a large amount of manure, but when applying straw and rice husk manure as a base fertilizer, they can supplement a small amount of phosphate fertilizer appropriately. Organic acids decomposed by organic fertilizers can increase the solubility of phosphate fertilizers, thereby increasing the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizers. It is recommended that vegetable farmers apply phosphate fertilizers and organic fertilizers to the soil together.
3. Micro-fertilizers are either not used or seriously exceeded
After years of vegetable cultivation, more and more vegetable farmers have realized the importance of micro-fertilizers and paid attention to the supplement of trace elements.
In fact, vegetables have very little demand for micro-fertilizers, so they must be applied in appropriate amounts. It is recommended that vegetable farmers use the following two methods: most of the micro-fertilizers are soluble. After the base fertilizer is applied, the vegetable farmers can spray the dissolved micro-fertilizer solution onto the organic fertilizer on the ground, and plow into the soil together with the base fertilizer; or The micro-fertilizer is dissolved in the bucket and flushed with water when watering.
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