Release date: 2010-01-06
Recently, American scientists have invented a technology that can translate brain signals in real time. Devices placed inside the brain wirelessly transmit brain signals. External language synthesizers can receive brain signals in real time and translate them into human language. Currently, the "brain machine interface" based on this technology has achieved experimental success in a patient with a latchup syndrome.
According to scientists, using this technology, the process of "thinking to change language" only takes 50 milliseconds. This amount of time is exactly the same as the reaction time when a normal human person uses his language to express his thoughts. For the first time, this research has successfully demonstrated that wireless devices can be placed in the human brain to control real-time external voice devices through brain consciousness. For those who lose control because of nerve damage, this achievement will be their gospel.
The study was led by Frank Gontel, a scientist at Boston University in the United States. Scientists from the Department of Perception and Nervous Systems, the School of Health and Rehabilitation, and the Harvard-MIT Department of Health Sciences and Technology participated in the study. the study. The research results will be published in the US Public Library of Science?
Guenter said, "Our research shows that users of the 'brain machine interface' can directly control language output, which is much better than using a relatively slow typing process."
The scientists applied the technique to a 26-year-old patient with autism syndrome. The patient had a brain stem stroke at the age of 16, and this brain stem stroke caused damage to the patient's motor neurons. Motor neurons are mainly used to perform human behavior and actions. Damage to motor neurons means that patients may have serious problems such as limb paralysis, muscle atrophy, and even paralysis. In addition to the eye can move up and down, this patient has developed symptoms of general paralysis. However, his consciousness is sober. This situation is the so-called "locking syndrome", that is, the consciousness is clear, but it cannot speak or move.
Five years ago, scientists placed an electrode inside the patient's brain, roughly between the language-related premotor and cortical layers. Thereafter, the neurites begin to grow onto the electrodes. Three or four months later, the neurites produced a signal on the electrodes. Three years later, the researchers began testing the "brain machine interface" to prepare synthetic speech products. Since the system is based on remote sensing technology, no wires or sensors are required to connect to the patient's skin, which also eliminates the risk of infection.
The electrodes amplify and convert the neural signals into radio signals. Two sheets are attached to the patient's head, and the two sheets function as signal receiving antennas. When radio signals in the brain are sent out, the receiving antenna on the scalp can receive in time and transmit these signals to the electrophysiological recording system. The recording system digitizes and classifies the signals. The classified data is input into a neural signal decoder for decoding. The decoded result is then entered into the language synthesizer. Finally, the human language is generated by the language synthesizer. Currently, scientists are only experimenting with vowels. The entire process takes an average of only 50 milliseconds.
(Kexun)
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