In Xuwen County, chickens are mainly farmed and scattered, and there are few large-scale chicken farms. Farm chickens died during the brooding period. We investigated 861 households in the rural area of ​​Longtang Township, Xuwen County. In total, 1983 nests of chicks were hatched. 23,786 chicks were hatched, and only 14649 lived for 2 months and the mortality rate was 39%. The survival rate only accounts for more than 60%. The reasons are as follows: First, the brooding equipment is simple and the temperature is not well mastered. Use hens to bring chickens without insulation or moisturizing; use hens, cartons, or bamboo scaffolds to cover the film; the temperature is hard to grasp; Dissemination, body fluid consumption, affecting the growth and development of chicks, easy to die of the disease, the temperature is too cold easy to catch cold, induced disease and a large number of deaths. Second, a single feed, lack of nutrition. Farmers raising chicks are often used rice, millet, food processing by-products, feed leftovers, single feed, lack of nutrition, can not meet the growth and development needs of chicks, chicks are slow growing, weak constitution, susceptible to nutritional deficiencies and white peony, tracheitis A variety of diseases, such as coccidiosis, result in massive deaths. Third, do not pay attention to disease prevention. A small number of chickens are kept in farms and the hens are brought up. They do not do preventive work in time and cause a large number of deaths. Fourth, people step, flooding, rat bites and so on. In view of the above problems, we have mobilized the masses in rural areas to adopt the following measures to raise chicks, reduce the mortality rate of chicks and increase the survival rate, and have received noticeable results. 1, maintain a suitable brooding temperature. The hens need to pay attention to heating and heat preservation with chickens, and the temperature should be evenly balanced. The heat preservation standards are as follows: broiler feeding, 1-3 days old 30-32 °C, 4-10 days old 27-30 °C, 11-20 days old 22-25°C; 1-3 day old 27-28°C, 4-10 days old 25-26°C, 11-20 days old 23-24°C, 21-30 days old 20-20°C , 31-45 days old 18-19 °C. Always observe the flock dynamics. The temperature is appropriate, the chicks are lively and active, chasing playful, rest one by one on a mat, the appetite is good, the drinking water is moderate, the excrement is normal, and the feathers are smooth. When the temperature is low, the chicks are crowded around the heat source, or crowded in a corner, do not think of eating and drinking, and give a rush of “squeaking†sounds. The temperature is high, the chicks are far away from the heat source, and they lay on the ground, spreading their wings and opening their mouths. Drink plenty of water, poor appetite or not eat. 2. Feed chicks with chicks to maintain adequate nutrition. The chicks have small digestive organs, poor digestive capacity, rapid growth and development, and high feed requirements. Therefore, according to the nutritional needs of the chicks, the type of feed sources, the chicks can be fed with chick diets or purchased in full-fledged chicken feed to feed the chicks. Ensure the nutritional requirements of chicks, normal growth and development, and improve the survival rate. The dietary formula for broiler chicks (%) is shown in the attached table: In addition, add some vegetables and add one egg per 100 birds before 10 days of age. 3, timely prevention and control of the disease. It is a key link for brooding to keep chickens in the farm and do a good job of anti-epidemic work in time. We must do a good job in several tasks. 1 Conscientiously do a good job site and utensil disinfection. Use one-thousandth of a strong disinfectant or a one-hundredth sodium hydroxide solution and rinse it before use. 2 Prevention of chicken rickets. The chick dermatophytosis caused the most death within 2 weeks of age. To prevent dermatophytosis, it was necessary to add 2/10,000 furazolidone to the chick diet within 15 days of the disease. When there is a treatment for ferret disease, the following methods can be used: oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, tetracycline added to the feed by feeding chickens at a rate of 2/1000. Two thousandths of chlortetracycline or drinking water. 3 prevention of coccidiosis. Coccidiosis mainly occurs in young chickens up to 3 months old. The incidence of death is very high. The first thing to do is to clean up and keep the barns dry and clean. The following medications are used to treat coccidiosis: 1000-2000 units of penicillin per intramuscular injection. 2000-5000 units of spices or drinking water. Oral administration of 5 mg of chlortetracycline to each diseased chicken or adding 8% to the diet for 2-3 days. Coccidiosis is added in the feed by two-tenths to four-tenths. Chlophelofen adds 30 to 60 percent to the feed. Adopting the above measures to brood and greatly reduce deaths, according to the survey of 120 households, the survival rate is over 90%, and it has obvious economic efficiency and social efficiency, and it is worth promoting.
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