First, seed disinfection
1. Warm soup soaked. First submerge the seeds with a small amount of cold water, then pour them into hot water. Measure the temperature with a rod-shaped thermometer so that the water temperature reaches 55°C, stir in one direction, and stop stirring when the water temperature drops to 30°C. The eggplant seeds are soaked for 8-12 hours, the tomato seeds are soaked for 6-8 hours, and the pepper seeds are soaked for 8-10 hours. After the soaking is completed, the eggplant and pepper seeds are soaked with fine sand to remove the mucus on the seed coat, and the seeds are separated by using clean water. Tomatoes have hairs. After the water comes out, it is necessary to scoop out the water, spreading it to dry and re-germinate it.
2. Pharmaceutical soaking. The solanaceous vegetable seeds are soaked in a certain concentration of the drug solution, and after a certain period of time, the drug solution is washed with water, and soaking and germination are performed. The liquid dosage is 2 times that of the seed.
(1) Tomato species. 1Use 40% formalin 100 times solution and 10% trisodium phosphate solution, pre-soak with water for 3-4 hours, then soak wet seeds in liquid for 15-20 minutes, remove and wrap with wet cloth. Put it in the pot and seal it for 2-3 hours. Then wash it with water to start germination. Formalin disinfection can prevent early blight of tomato and trisodium phosphate can prevent viral diseases. 2 Soak the seed with 200 times diluted hydrochloric acid for 3 hours to eliminate tomato tobacco mosaic virus. 3 soak the seeds with warm water of 40°C for 3-4 hours, soak them in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, remove them and wash them with water to reduce tomato canker and mosaic diseases.
(2) eggplant species. 1 eggplant seeds soaked in 1% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, remove the panning and then soaked in warm soup, can eliminate the pathogenic bacteria attached to the seed surface. 2 Soak the carbendazim solution with 0.1% active ingredient for 1 hour. After washing, soaking and germination will have a good effect on controlling Verticillium wilt. 3 Use 40% formalin solution to soak for 15 minutes, remove and rinse with water to prevent brown spot and Verticillium wilt on eggplant.
(3) Pepper seeds. 1 Pepper seeds soaked in 10% copper sulfate solution have the effect of preventing anthrax and bacterial leaf spot. The method is to soak in clean water for 4-5 hours, then soak in the medicine for 5 minutes, wash and germination. (2) The use of 0.2%-0.4% zinc sulfate solution soaking seeds at 20°C-25°C for 12 hours can inhibit the occurrence of pepper virus disease. 3 After immersing in cold water for 3-4 hours, transfer to a 500% solution of 50% carbendazim for 1 hour and rinse with water to kill or purify the pepper virus.
Second, soaking germination
1. Soaking. Before germination, the seeds were soaked with fresh water of 20°C-30°C, so that the seeds absorbed enough water to speed up the sprouting rate. The length of soaking time varies with seed maturity and water temperature. The more fully mature the seeds, the longer the time for soaking and the longer the water temperature will take longer. Generally, tomato seeds need to be soaked for 5-6 hours, and pepper seeds need to be soaked for 6-8 hours. Eggplant seeds need to be soaked for 10-12 hours.
2. Germination. Solanaceous vegetable seeds need to meet the required temperature, moisture, and oxygen to germinate, and the light is good darkness and should be placed in the backlight. In the appropriate moisture, good air permeability, no light at 25 °C -30 °C under the conditions of the fastest germination. Soak the soaked seeds in a wet gauze or a wet towel, place them in a large bowl or small bowl, and wash them 1-2 times daily with 25°C-30°C. Tomato seeds are best mixed with 3 times the seed volume of fine sand, into the water basin, flip 1-2 times a day, dry sand, add water. The eggplant seeds need to be warmed, and they should be sprouted every day at 30°C for 8 hours and 20°C for 16 hours alternately. Under normal circumstances, tomatoes can germinate for 2-3 days, eggplant and pepper 5-6 days.
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