According to incomplete statistics, by the end of 2004, Shaanxi Province had a total of 11,237 agricultural machine maintenance points and 68,155 agricultural machine repair workers, which accounted for 186.9% and 125.8% of the total in 1994; the province had repaired a total of 3.646 million sets of agricultural machinery in 2004. , an increase of 2.34 times than a decade ago, and the output value of agricultural machinery repairs was 27.513 million yuan, which has tripled in 10 years. At present, a variety of economic types, diversified forms of business, and multiple maintenance technology levels have been developed together. The maintenance network of agricultural machinery throughout the urban and rural areas has basically taken shape and has made positive contributions to the development of the rural economy. Since 1984, through the promotion and implementation of a series of administrative regulations and local regulations such as the "Regulations on the Management of National Rural Machinery Maintenance Centers" and "Regulations on the Management of Agricultural Machinery in Shaanxi Province", the management of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry has gradually entered the path of institutionalization and normalization, which has effectively promoted The healthy development of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry. The Four Major Features Regarding the characteristics of the current development of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry, the author summarizes the following four articles based on his experience in maintenance management at the grassroots level for many years. First, there are many individual repair points. In the 1990s, individual repair points developed rapidly, with an average growth rate of 7.8%, and individual repair networks accounted for more than 90% of the total repair network. The second is more small-scale repairs. Of the 11,237 repair sites in the province, 75.9% are small-scale repair sites. These repair sites generally have only one C-level repair crew and simple repair tools. Third, there are many low-tech repair points. As the ownership structure of farm machinery in rural areas tends to be miniaturized, the proportion of individual and small-scale repair points continues to increase, and there are more and more low-level repair points at or below level 3, and the proportion is as high as 95%. Fourth, there are many repair workers in different places. Due to the massive transfer of rural laborers, farmers’ work outside the home has increased. In order to facilitate overseas employment, many young peasants actively apply for training exams in the local area before they go out. After obtaining the technical certificates for the repair technicians, they are allowed to work outside the company, especially in recent years. This feature is particularly prominent. The three major problems Of course, there are also some new problems in the maintenance industry. First, the overall technical quality of farm machinery maintenance outlets declined. In the existing maintenance sites, due to the lack of necessary technological transformation, funds or consideration based on the opportunity cost, many maintenance sites do not have special maintenance equipment, or the equipment is too old to be up to standard, and some do not have necessary repair sites, and some even There were stalls in front of the roadside houses, and some lacked repair technicians. The second is that the repair quality is not high. Due to the poor technical conditions of the repair points, especially those without any licenses are known as the "maintenance of the black shop," the existence of the maintenance of the quality of the fundamental protection, due to the quality of repair disputes occur repeatedly. Third, the management of the maintenance industry is becoming more and more difficult, the repair points are large and wide, and the management strength is insufficient. Many places have a management "dead angle"; lack of management means restricting the development of the maintenance industry to in-depth development; inter-departmental management The definition of powers is not clear, cross-management is serious, and departmental wrangling occurs from time to time. The number of maintenance personnel holding licenses in different places is increasing, which also brings many difficulties to daily supervision and management. Three suggestions To solve the current problems in the maintenance industry, the author has several suggestions. First, we must speed up the pace of construction of laws and regulations for the maintenance of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry. We must rely solely on administrative measures to rely on the combination of the legal and administrative methods. It should be said that the promulgation of the "Regulations" is a general trend, and it will surely play a strong normative role. Second, we must strengthen technical supervision of farm machinery maintenance and change the focus on the increase in the number of maintenance outlets as a qualitative improvement. It is possible to improve the quality of the maintenance industry through rigorous inspection of outlets, training in agricultural machinery maintenance techniques and management, and using a variety of media to promote agricultural machinery maintenance and maintenance knowledge. In addition, the supervision and management of agricultural machinery maintenance parts should be strengthened. Because the maintenance method has been changed to the replacement of non-replacement parts, the quality of the repair depends to a large extent on the quality of the repair parts. To carry out regular spare parts sampling work, and as soon as possible institutionalized and standardized. We must also do a good job in the construction of agricultural machinery maintenance and quality supervision teams. From the management of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry, all aspects of quality management are relatively good to the management personnel. Through the training and examination, the qualified person is hired as the maintenance quality supervisor and is responsible for the supervision and management of the maintenance quality in his area. Third, we must strengthen the consulting and service functions of the management of the agricultural machinery maintenance industry, and improve the links between managers and managers. The maintenance and repair work requires many consultations and services in business activities, including relevant policies and regulations, difficult-to-difficult repair techniques, the application of new technologies and new processes, and the improvement of the internal management of repair points and the exchange of technical experience between maintenance points. Management departments at all levels of the maintenance industry should step up efforts in this area. For the repair of important agricultural machinery, it is necessary to organize and formulate unified national technical standards and maintenance clearing quotas so that the maintenance network has unified technical standards for performing business activities, and the necessary man-hours, materials, and mechanical costs for repairing the project are included. More authoritative settlement basis can be referenced.
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