Bactericide is an important part of the family of pesticides. It is a class of agents used to control plant diseases. Any agent that kills or inhibits growth of pathogens, but does not prevent the normal growth of plants, is collectively referred to as fungicides. How to use fungicides efficiently in production is of great significance for improving crop yields. Here to talk about the key technologies for efficient use of fungicides for reference.
Reasonably configure the concentration: When using fungicides (including water and wettable powders) to spray, it is necessary to use water to prepare the drug or dilute it to an appropriate concentration. The use of different concentrations of fungicides has its own special requirements, the concentration must be strictly in accordance with the "operating instructions", can not be arbitrarily increased or reduced. If the concentration is too high, it can easily cause injury, and if the concentration is too low, it cannot achieve the effect of using drugs to prevent diseases.
Selection time of spraying: Generally speaking, the time of spraying the fungicide too late or too early will affect the control effect. The premature spraying of pesticides not only causes waste, but also reduces the control effect. However, when the spraying time is too late, a large number of pathogens have invaded the host or cause harm, and even if the spraying of the therapeutic agent, the result of “repairing the sheep†will “do less workâ€. Therefore, the use of fungicides should be based on the occurrence of crop diseases, and the forecast and the occurrence of specific conditions in a timely manner medication. Usually, the time for the use of the bactericide should be prior to the onset (protective use) or early onset (prevention).
Mastering the number of medications: The number of times the fungicide is sprayed is mainly determined by the length of the residual period of the medicament and the meteorological conditions. Usually every 10 to 15 days, spray a total of 2 or 3 times. In case of special circumstances, such as rain after application, it should be sprayed once.
Improve drug quality: The quality of the spray of the fungicide includes the amount of the drug and the quality of the spray. The number of medications should be appropriate. Overdosing on the one hand will increase the cost, on the other hand, it will easily cause injury. Too little medication can not achieve the purpose of medication. The quality of medication should be emphasized. When spraying, it is required to have dense fog and uniform spraying. It is necessary to spray the front and back of the stem and the leaves of the plant so as to avoid leakage.
Strictly prevent phytotoxicity: There are several reasons for phytotoxicity caused by bactericidal agents. First, agents with strong water-solubility are prone to phytotoxicity. Secondly, different crops have different susceptibility to pharmaceuticals. For example, Bordeaux fluid does not cause phytotoxicity, but Copper-sensitive crops can also produce phytotoxicity. Beans, potatoes, and cotton are sensitive to lime sulfur and have a higher risk of injury. In addition, the different growth and development stages of crops respond differently to pesticides, and the seedlings and booting stages of the crops are susceptible to phytotoxicity. In addition, phytotoxicity and meteorological conditions such as temperature and sunshine also have a certain relationship, generally high temperature and drought, strong sunlight or heavy fog, high humidity and other conditions are likely to cause crop injury.
Prudent Drug Mixing: Most of the bactericides are alkaline pesticides, so they cannot be mixed with insecticides that can easily decompose and deactivate in case of alkaline substances. For example, Bordeaux mixture, lime sulfur mixture, etc. can not be mixed with 1605, dimethoate and dichlorvos. Use, otherwise it will cause "lose to both sides." There are also some fungicides such as carbendazim, Beauveria bassiana, etc. that cannot be mixed with Bordeaux mixture, lime sulfur, thiophanate, and other fungicides, as well as the loss of biological activity and insecticidal (microbial) capacity of insecticidal (microbial) microorganisms. Failure. In addition, some chemical reactions that are mixed and cause phytotoxicity can't be confused. Of course, not all fungicides can be mixed with other pesticides, and a few fungicides and pesticides can also play a synergistic role. For example, the use of dimethoate in combination with acid bactericidal agents such as zeocin or wettable sulphur or colloidal sulphur not only does not affect the efficacy of the drug, but also has the effect of improving drug efficacy.
Pay attention to avoiding drug resistance: The use of fungicides also has the problem of resistance to crop diseases. Long-term use of a single agent (mainly a systemic fungicide) can lead to resistance to the pathogen, and even repeated drug use will not help, even worse . In order to avoid disease resistance, it is necessary to scientifically select pesticides based on the actual use of alternating (rotary) uses of different types of pharmaceuticals, and it is strictly prohibited to use a single pesticide for a long period of time.
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