The dish, also known as the vegetable heart, is one of China's famous special dishes. Because it grows most in Guangdong, people also call it "Guangdong cuisine heart."
During the cultivation period, the cultivation of the rapeseed meal should be determined according to the length of the growth period of different varieties and the adaptability to different climatic conditions. Generally, it is planted from May to September.
Cultivation Techniques
1. Seedlings for growing seedlings are used for seedlings, drilled at a spacing of 17 centimeters, and sown about 400 grams per acre. Seedlings after seedling emergence and time to ensure seedlings have a 6 to 7 cm spacing. 5 to 6 true leaves are seedlings with a spacing of 13 cm.
2. After the cultivating and weeding planting, the cultivating soil shall be ploughed in time to regulate the temperature and humidity of the soil and promote root growth. After the rainfall and irrigation, we should also carry out cultivating and weeding to prevent the growth of soil compaction and weeds.
3. Fertilizer and water management Vegetables are fast-growing vegetables, with shallow roots, short growing period, and high planting density. Base fertilizer must be applied. Generally, 3000 to 4,000 kg of rotten farmyard fertilizer, 50 kg of superphosphate, and a suitable amount of potassium fertilizer are mixed per mu. During the growth phase, top dressing should be done with three opportunities: After the establishment of the slow-growing seedlings, a small amount of topdressing should be carried out, with 15 to 20 kg of urea per acre, combined with cultivators. The effect of topdressing is to promote root development and leaf growth. When the plants emerged twitching for the second time dressing, 25 to 30 kilograms of urea were applied, and the soil was infiltrated with the irrigation water. The role is to increase production and improve quality. After the plants are harvested, a third topdressing is performed when the sidecarp starts to occur. The amount of topdressing should be determined based on the growth of the plants. Plants with weak growth, thin leaves, and lighter leaves can be top-dressed with diammonium phosphate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate. When the plant growth is strong, the amount of topdressing should be reduced appropriately.
Dishes require high moisture conditions, and the principle of multiple irrigation should be used. After easing the seedlings, the water is combined with the topdressing fertilizer to promote root growth. The leaves should be properly watered to increase the leaf area. After the plants have budding, the irrigation should be increased to accelerate the elongation of the calyx. Throughout the growing season, pay attention to keep the surface of the soil in a wet state.
4. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests Since vegetables are fast-growing vegetables, comprehensive prevention and treatment should be adopted for pests and diseases, and pesticides should be avoided as much as possible. If necessary, some efficient, low-toxic, low-residual biological pesticides can be used. The main diseases of rapeseed meal are soft rot, downy mildew, and sclerotia. Pests such as Brassica napus and Pieris rapae are included.
5. The standard of harvesting and harvesting is that the height of the dish reaches the tip of the leaf, and there are several small flowers in the upper part of the leaf. When the common saying is “qikou flowerâ€, it is the best time for harvesting. During the high temperature and drought, the rapeseed grows quickly and is easy to flower. It must be harvested in time. In low-temperature, hot and humid weather, the pods develop slowly and are delayed by 2 to 3 days.
During the cultivation period, the cultivation of the rapeseed meal should be determined according to the length of the growth period of different varieties and the adaptability to different climatic conditions. Generally, it is planted from May to September.
Cultivation Techniques
1. Seedlings for growing seedlings are used for seedlings, drilled at a spacing of 17 centimeters, and sown about 400 grams per acre. Seedlings after seedling emergence and time to ensure seedlings have a 6 to 7 cm spacing. 5 to 6 true leaves are seedlings with a spacing of 13 cm.
2. After the cultivating and weeding planting, the cultivating soil shall be ploughed in time to regulate the temperature and humidity of the soil and promote root growth. After the rainfall and irrigation, we should also carry out cultivating and weeding to prevent the growth of soil compaction and weeds.
3. Fertilizer and water management Vegetables are fast-growing vegetables, with shallow roots, short growing period, and high planting density. Base fertilizer must be applied. Generally, 3000 to 4,000 kg of rotten farmyard fertilizer, 50 kg of superphosphate, and a suitable amount of potassium fertilizer are mixed per mu. During the growth phase, top dressing should be done with three opportunities: After the establishment of the slow-growing seedlings, a small amount of topdressing should be carried out, with 15 to 20 kg of urea per acre, combined with cultivators. The effect of topdressing is to promote root development and leaf growth. When the plants emerged twitching for the second time dressing, 25 to 30 kilograms of urea were applied, and the soil was infiltrated with the irrigation water. The role is to increase production and improve quality. After the plants are harvested, a third topdressing is performed when the sidecarp starts to occur. The amount of topdressing should be determined based on the growth of the plants. Plants with weak growth, thin leaves, and lighter leaves can be top-dressed with diammonium phosphate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate. When the plant growth is strong, the amount of topdressing should be reduced appropriately.
Dishes require high moisture conditions, and the principle of multiple irrigation should be used. After easing the seedlings, the water is combined with the topdressing fertilizer to promote root growth. The leaves should be properly watered to increase the leaf area. After the plants have budding, the irrigation should be increased to accelerate the elongation of the calyx. Throughout the growing season, pay attention to keep the surface of the soil in a wet state.
4. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests Since vegetables are fast-growing vegetables, comprehensive prevention and treatment should be adopted for pests and diseases, and pesticides should be avoided as much as possible. If necessary, some efficient, low-toxic, low-residual biological pesticides can be used. The main diseases of rapeseed meal are soft rot, downy mildew, and sclerotia. Pests such as Brassica napus and Pieris rapae are included.
5. The standard of harvesting and harvesting is that the height of the dish reaches the tip of the leaf, and there are several small flowers in the upper part of the leaf. When the common saying is “qikou flowerâ€, it is the best time for harvesting. During the high temperature and drought, the rapeseed grows quickly and is easy to flower. It must be harvested in time. In low-temperature, hot and humid weather, the pods develop slowly and are delayed by 2 to 3 days.
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