One, autumn trim
The autumn pruning of apple trees is of vital importance to improve the quality of the fruit of the following year and to ensure stable and high yields. The autumnal pruning of apple trees mainly adopts technical measures such as branching, thinning and light cutting.
1. Pulling the branches to ease the pulling branches means that the branches that are not suitable for the angle are pulled to the required angle. Generally, branches are pulled before the autumnal equinox. The branching angle generally requires the main branch to be drawn at 70-80 degrees, and the auxiliary branches and temporary branches are drawn at 90-100 degrees. The specific situation depends on species, land conditions, and moderate tree-trend grasp.
2. Thinning and translucent light can be used to remove the dense inner branches, the absurd branches on the back, the upright branches and the competing branches, and the weak branches. In this period, cutting and cutting are not easy to prevent stripping, which avoids the phenomenon that the more pruning and stripping in winter are more frequent.
3, light cut flowers to promote the young part of the new year lightly shearing or wearing a short cap at the blind spot at the junction of the spring and autumn tip, can reduce nutrient consumption, is conducive to accumulation of nutrients, promote flower effect is significant.
Second, the autumn base fertilizer
Generally, it can be carried out in early September. At this time, the root of the fertilized cutting can heal quickly and it can germinate a large number of roots and increase the absorption rate of the fertilizer. Fertilizers are mainly organic fertilizers, with a small amount of inorganic fertilizers. Autumn basal fertilization should not be too deep, not more than 50 centimeters is appropriate, the young fruit tree can be used ditch cast method, Sheng fruit period tree should adopt the whole garden spreading method.
3. Qingyuan Deep-turning Tree Panel
After falling leaves in autumn, the dry branches, fallen leaves, and weeds in the orchard are cleaned up and burned in a concentrated manner to eliminate overwhelming insect sources and bacterial sources. It is advisable to deepen the tree tray before the peak of the root growth in autumn. Deeply turning the tree plate at this time, the wound is easy to heal and grow fast, can increase the amount of deep roots, water retention, increase the temperature, but also to eliminate part of the overwintering pests.
IV. Pest Control
After the apple is harvested, the temperature is still high, some germs will continue to infect, and many pests will continue to eat and injure themselves to prepare for winter. Therefore, the prevention and control of pests and diseases should still be strengthened. Pesticides can be used Xiaoling Tao 1500 times or DuPont Wanling 3000 times, fungicides can be used 1.5%, 300 times more anti-mold or Bordeaux mixture, after the defoliation can be sprayed once again 3 degrees lime sulfur and so on.
Fifth, potting frozen water
The time should be late in mid-November, and the amount of water should be sufficient to ensure that the trees use water in winter, and at the same time kill some of the pests that have passed winter in the soil.
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