Sub-seedlings are an effective method to prevent seedlings from sprouting too early, enhance their nutritional intake and exposure to light, and promote overall growth. However, the process of splitting seedlings often leads to root damage, which can reduce root function and slow down the development of the plants. To help seedlings quickly recover their root absorption capacity and grow healthily, the following key technical points should be carefully followed.
First, timely seedling division is essential. For example, in general cold bed nurseries, pepper and eggplant seedlings typically require 40 to 60 days before they are ready for transplanting. The best time to split them is when they have two true leaves, and the seedlings should not exceed three or four true leaves. This ensures that the seedlings are small enough to handle, with a high survival rate and proper age for flower bud formation. Each time you separate the seedlings, it usually delays the process by 5 to 6 days. Therefore, 3 to 5 days before dividing, the seedbed should be cooled down, ventilation increased, and water controlled to harden off the seedlings. When separating, it's important to dig the seedlings from the edges and use a small arch shed with a cover to protect them from midday heat. It’s also crucial to organize labor efficiently and divide the seedlings in one go to ensure uniform growth and easier management.
Second, maintaining the right planting density is crucial. There is a direct relationship between seedling density and yield. Within a certain range, increasing the spacing between seedlings can lead to higher yields and better economic returns. For peppers, the ideal spacing is about 7 to 8 cm, while eggplants should be spaced 8 to 9 cm apart. If the seedbed has enough space, the distance can be increased to 8 to 10 cm. Using a nutrition-rich soil mix with earthworms helps retain moisture and provides better insulation, which supports stronger seedling development and ultimately improves yield and profitability.
Third, the correct seedling technique is important. Water the seedlings in the morning to make digging easier. Use a spade or trowel to carefully lift the seedlings, keeping at least 1 to 2 cm of soil around the roots. After removing the seedlings, gently shake off most of the soil and place them in a container or basket for drainage. Be careful not to damage the seedlings, especially the cotyledons. Once dug up, the seedlings should be arranged immediately, and their roots should be protected from sunlight or wind. When separating, remove any weak, diseased, or damaged seedlings to ensure only the healthiest ones are transplanted.
Fourth, proper row planting is essential. Seedlings should be planted in shallow rows, with the cotyledons slightly exposed—usually 1 to 2 cm above the soil surface. Ensure the roots are firmly placed in the soil and watered promptly. If the seedlings are dug up on the same day, they should be lined up immediately. If not finished in the morning, they should be covered with soil and a protective layer to prevent dehydration and wilting, and completed in the afternoon. This careful handling ensures the seedlings remain healthy and continue to grow strong after transplanting.
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