The high yield of crops can not be separated from the comprehensive application of multiple technologies, of which scientific fertilization is one of the key core measures. However, under different ecological conditions, fertilizer measures are different.
How to fertilize different climatic conditions? The lack of light, the crop's leaf area is small, the photosynthetic efficiency is low, and the ability to absorb fertilizer is poor; when the temperature is too high, the stomata in the leaf surface are closed and it is difficult to absorb the fertilizer. If the temperature is too low, the activity of digestive bacteria in the soil will decrease, the fertilizer will be difficult to transform, the decomposition rate will be slow, and the fertilizer supply capacity will be poor. In the long-term drought, the fertilizer will be difficult to dissolve, and excessive accumulation will produce fertilizer damage. With excessive rainfall, fertilizers are easily lost and volatile. In this regard, first, the soil with good texture and abundant water and heat resources, due to strong fertilizer supply capacity, should not be used for large amounts of fertilizer at one time. It is only necessary to fertilize fertilizers according to the amount of fertilizer needed at different stages of the crop's growth; It is enough to adjust the temperature and fertilize. Water is the carrier of nutrients, and temperature is the condition that activates nutrients. After the rain, it is necessary to fertilize soil, and when it is dry, it is necessary to use water to adjust fertilizers. In winter and spring, it is necessary to loosen soil to adjust temperature and fertilize. In the summer, fertilization should be selected when the temperature is lowered.
How to apply fertility obstacles? After years of planting certain crops, some soils will have obstacles such as continuous cropping or heavy crop failure. First, the crops will be lacking in performance; second, they will cause some diseases and reduce crop production. Corresponding measures: First, on the regular high-salinity plots where there are obstacles to crop growth, first irrigating salt at Dashuigou, speeding the entire irrigation, and lowering salt by immersing irrigation; second, changing the single fertilizer to increase organic fertilizer application. Absorb more ammonium, potassium, calcium and other ions, adjust the concentration of soil nutrients, and enhance the soil buffer capacity; Third, change the excessive fertilization to a small number of multiple fertilization; Fourth, change the soil to shallow plowing for deep plowing soil, one can reduce the salt content, Second, the use of deep saline-free soil.
How to fertilize the surrounding environment? Some farmland near chemical plants, crops are often harmed, and some long-term use of nitrogen fertilizers, but also easy to pollute the environment, inhibit crop growth and development. In this regard, one must change the application of shallow facilities for deep fertilization, to avoid evaporation and loss of chemical fertilizers; Second, we must improve fertilizer formulations, regulate the peak supply of fertilizer. One can change a single variety of fertilizer into a broad-spectrum compound fertilizer. Second, special fertilizers can be made according to the characteristics of the crop's fertilizer requirements. Third, modified fertilizers can be used to make slow-release fertilizers. Fourth, inorganic fertilizers and bio-organic fertilizers can be formulated into complementary granular fertilizers to advance or postpone the application time, so that the peak demand for fertilizer and the peak supply of fertilizers are linked to each other, giving full play to fertilizer efficiency.
How to fertilize crops in open fields? Bare vacant lands are generally referred to as vacant land between dry fields and field crops, such as cotton and fruit trees. Before the branches and leaves have been expanded and sealed, the bare land between cotton and fruit trees is idle, in order to improve the conditions of the land. The method of covering grass with exposed blank lines can increase fertilizer efficiency. Each mu of field can choose to cover all kinds of hay 200 ~ 250 kg, the corresponding increase in the amount of fresh grass. One can protect the soil, according to the determination (the same below) cover grass than uncovered soil moisture content of 0.5% to 12.0%. Second, the fertilizer can be covered, covering the grass 2.1 times higher than the uncovered alkaline nitrogen 2.1 to 16.8. Three can increase the soil organic matter 0.05% ~ 0.3%. Fourth, the temperature of the soil can be adjusted during the high temperature season. Covering the grass is lower than the uncovered soil by a temperature of 1.3 to 3.8°C.
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