The stalk rot of flower seedlings is a disease caused by the fungus of the semi-known fungus Schizophrenia. The disease can harm a variety of plants. The annual Ginkgo biloba seedlings are most susceptible and the dead seedling rate reaches more than 80%. In addition, it also harms the seedlings of pine, cypress, camphor, larch, eucommia, sweet gum, acacia, chestnut, and metasequoia.
After different seedlings are infected, their symptoms are not the same, but they usually show stem rot. If the ginkgo seedlings are infested once a year, the initial symptoms are that the base of the stem turns brown, the leaves lose their normal green color, and they droop slightly. After the diseased part develops quickly, the whole plant will die and the leaves will not fall off. The bark of the diseased bark is swollen and the epidermis rots in a spongy or powdery state. The germs infiltrate the xylem, causing the pith to become brown or hollow. After the disease spreads to the roots, the root cortex rots. If the vaccine is removed, only the xylem can be extracted and the root cortex will remain in the soil. In the case of two-year-old seedlings suffering from disease or one-year-old seedlings, the upper part of the diseased seedlings died, and new shoots occurred from the base. During the hot summer, the soil temperature rises, and when the base of the seedling stem is burnt by high temperature, the bacteria will invade. If the nursery is low and easy to collect water, the thin and thin growth rate of seedlings will increase significantly. It has been observed that seedlings generally begin to develop on the 10th to 15th day after the end of the rainy season, and the incidence gradually increases until the onset of the disease in mid-September.
To prevent stem rot, comprehensive prevention measures should be adopted:
The first is to choose a nursery where the groundwater table is low, well drained, and container nursery. The nutrient soil must be formulated with pathogen-free soil to maintain the rotation system, and the same seedlings should not be continuously cultivated in the same plot.
The second is to kill pathogens. Stem rot is a kind of soil-borne bacterium, and it usually rots and lives in the soil. Before the seedlings can be used dry branches, dead leaves, hay spread evenly on the seedbed, ignition burning, can kill the pathogen in the soil. You can also apply lime powder 25 kg or ferrous sulfate powder 15 to 20 kg per acre nursery to suppress pathogens.
The third is to apply rotten fertilizer. Fertilizers are farmyard fertilizers, supplemented by chemical fertilizers. Garbage fertilizer and compost and manure may carry bacteria, which should be put into use after fermentation and decomposition. Generally, 40 to 50 lbs. of fecal hens are cooked per acre seedbed. Basal ash is used as a basal fertilizer, 50 to 60 lbs per mu, with good fertilizer effect and good disease prevention effect;
The fourth is to put shade sheds in the hot season to reduce the seedbed temperature and reduce the incidence rate by more than 85%.
The fifth is to improve the disease resistance of seedlings, timely cultivation, weeding, thinning, and topdressing to make the seedlings unearthed neatly and grow robustly. At the beginning of the seedling stage, seedlings were sprayed with 50 to 75 kg of Bordeaux mixture per acre nursery to form a protective film on the surface of the seedlings to prevent the invasion of germs. After the onset of disease, remove the diseased seedlings in time and sprinkle lime powder around the diseased seed holes to prevent the spread. Inserting pine branches on a seedbed or planting crops or green manure on a nursery, and applying irrigation and drought irrigation during droughts, also have a certain effect on reducing the incidence rate.
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