After the rice is cultivated in the autumn, after the rice is harvested in the autumn, it is not used to plow the field, only the ditch, compartment, drainage, and then sowing soybeans or sowing on the car surface, and then covered with straw cultivation methods. It has the advantages of easy planting, labor saving, time saving, low investment, and good results. It is a short, flat, and fast project to increase double cropping, increase grain, increase feed, and increase income.
First, choose good varieties of soybean local varieties are more, after the masses of purification and rejuvenation, ecological adaptability, high yield, disease resistance performance is good, and the breeding period is moderate varieties can be selected; for agricultural research units selected Soybean varieties have a large area of ​​promotion, good yield and economic benefits, and they can also be selected. Such as Jingdong currently selected and promoted the selection of No.1, No.2, No.2, local green bean, medium yellow umbilical bean, fine yellow umbilical bean, fine black umbilical bean and other whole growth period of 80 to 100 days, large grain of yellow umbilicus The whole growth period of beans is 70 days. The yield per hectare of these varieties ranges from 1200 to 2250 kg and can reach a maximum of 3,000 kg. It is suitable for the cultivation of rice rear beans in the area of ​​700 to 1350 meters above sea level in the south of the province. However, many soybean varieties are not suitable for rice planting. For example, the Jufeng and Beifeng series of varieties exhibit short stature, short growth period, little or no scarring, and low yield.
Second, pre-broadcast preparation 1 before sowing the sun for 1 to 2 days, but to avoid sunburn at noon during the sun, causing seed coat rupture, affecting germination; 2 seeds for each hectare with 56% ammonium molybdate (dissolved in hot water after cooling) 75 to 150 grams of seed dressing or 75 kg of biological potassium seed dressing; 3 do a good job ditching drainage, trenching, separation, drainage is the basic work of rice after beans cultivation must do a good job. For clay fields with high groundwater level and difficult drainage, the drainage should be controlled 10 to 15 days before the rice is harvested. After the rice is harvested, it should be separated by 2 to 3 meters in width and then drained. The side ditch, the middle ditch is 24 cm deep, and the ditch is 12 cm deep. In the large area, on the basis of opening the “three ditchesâ€, a horizontal ditch is opened 7 to 10 meters apart, dividing the field into many small compartments, which facilitates draining of the field water and uniform sowing, and reduces infields. Water causes the sprouting of soybeans to cause hypoxic or high-temperature boiled shoots to cause the death of young shoots, guaranteeing Miao Qi and Miao Zhuang.
Third, timely sowing, rational close planting, pay attention to fertilization after the sowing of rice beans, in late July to mid-August, too late too late will affect the growth of soybeans. The specific requirement is to sow the seeds within one week after the rice is harvested. The seeding rate depends on the grain size of the variety, the height of the plant, the number of branches, the soil fertility and the level of fertilization. Fine seeds per hectare sowing 60 ~ 67.5 kg, 75 ~ 90 kg of medium grain, large grain of 90 ~ 105 kg; sowing method with a small lotus seed sowing and on-demand two kinds, on-demand spacing 30 ~ 36 cm, pond distance 6 ~ 8 In centimeters, 3 to 4 seeds are sown in each pond, guaranteeing 67.5 to 82.5 thousand seedlings per hectare. After sowing, the cut rice piles are used as covering materials, and the cover is not covered with some straw, so that the seeds are not exposed, and they function to shade and maintain the soil temperature in the bud to facilitate seed germination. However, the coverage should not be too thick, so as to avoid the emergence of seedlings or grow into tall seedlings and affect the yield. In addition, increasing fertilization has different effects on soybean yield. Immediately after emergence, 45 to 75 kg of urea (3 to 6 kg/mu) and 70 kg of potassium chloride (4 to 5 kg/mu) are applied per hectare as seedlings, and nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are topdressed at the branching stage. Top dressing, usually 30 to 45 kg (2 to 3 dry grams/mu) of compound fertilizer for flower fertilizer, spraying the roots outside the rooting stage, spring soybean autumn should be "pay attention to basic fertilizer, early application Miao Fei, Qiao Shi Hua Fei, as appropriate Under the principle of "drum granulation fertilizer application", the specific use of 99.5 kg of pure nitrogen, 216 kg of urea (6.6 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, and 14.3 kg of urea per mu) per hectare, P2O5157.5 kg, 1125 kg of calcium phosphate (P2O5) 10.5 kilograms per acre, 75 kilograms of calcium phosphate per acre, K2O 9.75 kilograms, potassium chloride 243.75 kilograms, (K2O 9.75 kilograms per acre, potassium nitride per acre 12.25 kilograms) can yield high yields.
Fourth, prevention and control of pests and diseases, strengthening of field management Soybean moisture wet afraid of drought and impatience, after the planting of Lianqing high temperature weather, should be early and late watering Lintao moisturizing; in case of rainy weather, should be drained stains. Immediately after emergence, the seedlings were inspected and seedlings were planted, and they adhered to thinning and thinning. In addition to weakened seedlings, yellow seedlings, and strong seedlings, the whole field had uniform and reasonable groups, and the number of seedlings per hectare was 52-675,000. When the seedlings are combined, weeds and weeds are removed to remove the weeds and the regenerated rice seedlings are cut off, so that the seedlings are well ventilated and light-transmitting, uniform in growth, and lay the foundation for high yield.
5 to 7 days after sowing with omethoate dilute 1500 ml of water 900 kg (mu diluted with omethoate 100 ml water 60 kg) spray prevention and control of Liriomyza, every 7 days control once, continuous control 3 times. The buds and flowering stages were treated with Zeson's zinc spray to prevent and treat primary root rot, and rust was sprayed with 20% Triadimefon 1000 times. During the crusts and granules, rodent and rat salt mixed baits were used to control rodent pests.
5. Timely Harvesting to Ensure Increased Revenue When one-third of the whole field bean pods are yellowish-brown, they can be harvested and hung to prevent bad weather.
First, choose good varieties of soybean local varieties are more, after the masses of purification and rejuvenation, ecological adaptability, high yield, disease resistance performance is good, and the breeding period is moderate varieties can be selected; for agricultural research units selected Soybean varieties have a large area of ​​promotion, good yield and economic benefits, and they can also be selected. Such as Jingdong currently selected and promoted the selection of No.1, No.2, No.2, local green bean, medium yellow umbilical bean, fine yellow umbilical bean, fine black umbilical bean and other whole growth period of 80 to 100 days, large grain of yellow umbilicus The whole growth period of beans is 70 days. The yield per hectare of these varieties ranges from 1200 to 2250 kg and can reach a maximum of 3,000 kg. It is suitable for the cultivation of rice rear beans in the area of ​​700 to 1350 meters above sea level in the south of the province. However, many soybean varieties are not suitable for rice planting. For example, the Jufeng and Beifeng series of varieties exhibit short stature, short growth period, little or no scarring, and low yield.
Second, pre-broadcast preparation 1 before sowing the sun for 1 to 2 days, but to avoid sunburn at noon during the sun, causing seed coat rupture, affecting germination; 2 seeds for each hectare with 56% ammonium molybdate (dissolved in hot water after cooling) 75 to 150 grams of seed dressing or 75 kg of biological potassium seed dressing; 3 do a good job ditching drainage, trenching, separation, drainage is the basic work of rice after beans cultivation must do a good job. For clay fields with high groundwater level and difficult drainage, the drainage should be controlled 10 to 15 days before the rice is harvested. After the rice is harvested, it should be separated by 2 to 3 meters in width and then drained. The side ditch, the middle ditch is 24 cm deep, and the ditch is 12 cm deep. In the large area, on the basis of opening the “three ditchesâ€, a horizontal ditch is opened 7 to 10 meters apart, dividing the field into many small compartments, which facilitates draining of the field water and uniform sowing, and reduces infields. Water causes the sprouting of soybeans to cause hypoxic or high-temperature boiled shoots to cause the death of young shoots, guaranteeing Miao Qi and Miao Zhuang.
Third, timely sowing, rational close planting, pay attention to fertilization after the sowing of rice beans, in late July to mid-August, too late too late will affect the growth of soybeans. The specific requirement is to sow the seeds within one week after the rice is harvested. The seeding rate depends on the grain size of the variety, the height of the plant, the number of branches, the soil fertility and the level of fertilization. Fine seeds per hectare sowing 60 ~ 67.5 kg, 75 ~ 90 kg of medium grain, large grain of 90 ~ 105 kg; sowing method with a small lotus seed sowing and on-demand two kinds, on-demand spacing 30 ~ 36 cm, pond distance 6 ~ 8 In centimeters, 3 to 4 seeds are sown in each pond, guaranteeing 67.5 to 82.5 thousand seedlings per hectare. After sowing, the cut rice piles are used as covering materials, and the cover is not covered with some straw, so that the seeds are not exposed, and they function to shade and maintain the soil temperature in the bud to facilitate seed germination. However, the coverage should not be too thick, so as to avoid the emergence of seedlings or grow into tall seedlings and affect the yield. In addition, increasing fertilization has different effects on soybean yield. Immediately after emergence, 45 to 75 kg of urea (3 to 6 kg/mu) and 70 kg of potassium chloride (4 to 5 kg/mu) are applied per hectare as seedlings, and nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are topdressed at the branching stage. Top dressing, usually 30 to 45 kg (2 to 3 dry grams/mu) of compound fertilizer for flower fertilizer, spraying the roots outside the rooting stage, spring soybean autumn should be "pay attention to basic fertilizer, early application Miao Fei, Qiao Shi Hua Fei, as appropriate Under the principle of "drum granulation fertilizer application", the specific use of 99.5 kg of pure nitrogen, 216 kg of urea (6.6 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, and 14.3 kg of urea per mu) per hectare, P2O5157.5 kg, 1125 kg of calcium phosphate (P2O5) 10.5 kilograms per acre, 75 kilograms of calcium phosphate per acre, K2O 9.75 kilograms, potassium chloride 243.75 kilograms, (K2O 9.75 kilograms per acre, potassium nitride per acre 12.25 kilograms) can yield high yields.
Fourth, prevention and control of pests and diseases, strengthening of field management Soybean moisture wet afraid of drought and impatience, after the planting of Lianqing high temperature weather, should be early and late watering Lintao moisturizing; in case of rainy weather, should be drained stains. Immediately after emergence, the seedlings were inspected and seedlings were planted, and they adhered to thinning and thinning. In addition to weakened seedlings, yellow seedlings, and strong seedlings, the whole field had uniform and reasonable groups, and the number of seedlings per hectare was 52-675,000. When the seedlings are combined, weeds and weeds are removed to remove the weeds and the regenerated rice seedlings are cut off, so that the seedlings are well ventilated and light-transmitting, uniform in growth, and lay the foundation for high yield.
5 to 7 days after sowing with omethoate dilute 1500 ml of water 900 kg (mu diluted with omethoate 100 ml water 60 kg) spray prevention and control of Liriomyza, every 7 days control once, continuous control 3 times. The buds and flowering stages were treated with Zeson's zinc spray to prevent and treat primary root rot, and rust was sprayed with 20% Triadimefon 1000 times. During the crusts and granules, rodent and rat salt mixed baits were used to control rodent pests.
5. Timely Harvesting to Ensure Increased Revenue When one-third of the whole field bean pods are yellowish-brown, they can be harvested and hung to prevent bad weather.
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