In order to improve the working efficiency of the grain combine harvester, the operator should perform a comprehensive technical inspection and maintenance on the combine harvester before the harvesting season arrives.
1. The header section of the header repair section mainly includes reelers, cutters, augers, tilt conveyors, and the like.
(1) Overhaul of the reel. Before inspection, check whether each spring tooth shaft is bent and deformed, and whether the spring tooth is missing or damaged, if any, should be adjusted and added. The contents of the reel check include: 1 Check the position of the reel. Put the reel to the lowest position, the teeth should not touch the cutter and the auger of the header; 2 check the front and rear position of the reel. There should be a proper clearance between the reel's spring teeth and the auger's rotating blades. If it is not in conflict, the axis should be located directly above or slightly to the front of the knife. 3 reel speed adjustment. When harvesting wheat, the circumferential speed of the reel should not exceed 3 m/s in general, which is based on the principle of not repeatedly hitting the wheat ears and not pushing the wheat forward. 4 reel spring tooth angle adjustment. The upright cropping springs should be perpendicular to the ground, and the fallen crops can be adjusted backwards by 10o to 30o. Receiving high-density crops can tilt the spring teeth forward. Under normal circumstances, it is advisable that the spring teeth tilt backward about 10o. Work on an eccentric web before work. The three rollers are lubricated to make them flexible; otherwise, the reels will be unstable and the discs will be worn out.
(2) Overhaul of the cutter. Mainly inspect whether the blade is intact, whether the blade is fixed firmly, whether the moving blade and the center line of the fixed blade coincide, and whether the gap of the blade and the pressure blade is correct. Knife blade is divided into two types: light blade and serrated blade. The movable blade is a serrated blade and the fixed blade is a light blade. The contents of the cutter repair include: 1 Check whether the blade is blunt or damaged. In order to reduce cutting resistance, blunt or damaged blades should be replaced in time. The edge of the moving blade wears to 0.15 mm, and the tooth height is less than 0.5 mm. When there are more than 3 missing teeth in a row, the new blade should be replaced. The serrated blade is usually replaced only and not repaired. The razor blade can be grinded with a light blade and the blade can be sharpened after exceeding 0.3 mm. When the width of the blade is less than the width of the blade guard, it should be scrapped. When riveting, attention must be paid to the correct and stable rivet head. The top surface of the stationary blade should always be on the same plane. 2 Check if the cutter bar is bent or broken. For a curved arbor, it can be placed on the board with a hammer, until the arbor is straight, the broken arbor can be welded and repaired, and the welded joint after welding the arbor should be flat. 3 Check the gap between the stationary blade and the moving blade. This gap should be within 0.3-1 mm, the front end should not be larger than 0.5 mm, and the rear end should not be larger than 1.5 mm. This gap can be adjusted by correcting the position of the blade guard. 4 Check the presser. The pressure blade can not be pressed too hard, there should be a gap of 0.1 to 0.5 mm, with the hand to push the arbor freely as a standard, and its clearance adjustment can be achieved with a hand hammer percussion cutter. 5 When the movable knife is in the left and right two extreme positions, the center of the moving blade and the fixed blade should be overlapped, and the deviation should not be more than 5mm. The adjustment can be done by using a hollow crowbar to horizontally move the blade guard or adjust the length of the connecting rod.
(3) Overhaul of the header auger. The rotating blades of the header auger (header auger) are subjected to strong wear during the pushing of the working material, and the blades may be locally deformed, damaged or de-welded. The deformation of the blade can be knocked back to the original shape, and the damaged blade can be repaired by panel welding. When the leaves and the cylinder are detached, they should be re-welded. The main contents of the auger repair on the header include: (1) The gap between the agitator blade and the floor of the header should be 15-20mm, and when harvesting the low crop, the adjustment can be 10-15mm, and when the high density crop is harvested, it can be adjusted to 20- 30mm to prevent crushing dragon clogging, this gap is achieved by the upper and lower position of the adjustment plate on both sides of the header. 2 The gap between the boring bar and the bottom plate of the header shall be adjusted according to crops, and the minimum shall not be less than 6 mm so as to prevent scratching the bottom plate and causing loss of the missing grain. If the bottom plate is scratched, it shall be repaired in time. Header augers are not allowed to move axially.
(4) Overhaul of the tilt conveyor. At present, most of the inclined conveyors use chain-type conveyors, and it should mainly check whether the tension of the chain is appropriate. The correct one should be lifted 20-35 mm from the middle of the chain by hand. There are adjustment devices on both sides of the inclined conveyor, which can increase or decrease the wheelbase of the driving shaft and the driven shaft. If the adjusting nut is adjusted to the extreme position and the hand can still lift 40 mm from the middle of the chain, then the method of removing the link can be used to adjust the tightness. If the adjustment nut is too loose or too tight, it will cause poor feeding and easy to plug.
2. Overhaul threshing section The threshing section mainly checks the threshing roller and the concave plate. After a certain period of time, the bar and the concave plate will produce uneven wear. When the wear is light, the workability can be restored by trimming the threshing gap. Axial flow rollers Check for loose teeth and missing teeth. The total thickness of the bar is 140.5 mm. When the bar wears heavily, the twill on the surface will be reduced or even flattened (the twill height should not be less than 0.3 mm). At this time, the ability to grasp, rub and disengage will be weakened, and the productivity will be low. The difference in the net rate, the axial movement of the crop to one side, and the possibility of roller jamming, should be replaced with new ones. When replacing, the old and new pattern bars cannot be mixed and replaced. Each bar should be of the same weight. The bending degree of the bar must not exceed 1 mm to prevent the roller from being unbalanced and cause strong vibration to accelerate the machine tool damage. After the installation is completed, a balance test must be performed on the drum, which can be adjusted by adding a counterweight (such as a gasket), but it is necessary to ensure that the counterweight is firm and reliable to ensure safety. When there is a fracture in the pole, it cannot be repaired by welding. The waste should be forecasted and the ratio of the threshing gap population to the outlet gap should be adjusted to 4:1.
3. Maintenance of separation and cleaning device
(1) Check the document processor. Check whether the side teeth of the key box are damaged, whether the document-drawing mechanism crankcase and the key box are deformed, and whether the document-manipulator is deformed will destroy the original correct trajectory of the key surface and reduce the separation effect. Using a ruler to measure the distance between the front and rear journals, the measured distance is not equal, then it indicates that the deformation has occurred, and then the deformation part is specifically determined and the pressure of the deformation part is corrected. The key surface and the inside of the key box should always be inspected during the work, and there should be no blockage to prevent loss of grain.
(2) Check the gap between the document feeder and the side wall. There should be a gap of not less than 5mm, and the gap between adjacent two-key boxes should not be less than 2mm. Pay attention to the clearance of the document-bearing device bearing (wooden bush).
(3) Overhaul of the grain clearance room. In order to reduce the impact of the screen box movement, the connection of the drive mechanism is the use of rubber bearings (rubber sleeves). When the rubber bearing loses its elasticity or is damaged due to aging, the impact is intensified and it should be replaced in time. The scale box of the screen box can be repaired by damage. Remove the broken screen from the shaft and replace the new screen with the screen shaft. Check whether the adjustment mechanism of the upper and lower sieves is effective, and do not shut off the sieves by vibration during work.
4. Overhaul of the power transmission mechanism The power transmission of the combine harvester adopts two forms of tape and chain. The notch of the V-shaped pulley rim can be repaired by electric welding. After welding, the weld with the grooved bevel should be smoothed and polished. Check the chain drive sprocket for damage and wear. Visually check and knock the sprocket for cracks and damage, whether the thread is broken and slipped, whether the keyway is worn, and if so, repair or replace it. The main wear of the sprocket is the gear tooth face, wear makes the gear tooth thickness thinner, when the tooth thickness wears 40%, the tooth width wears 30%, the sprocket should be repaired or replaced, after the above wear, can be repaired by surfacing welding When the tooth thickness wear is not too large, the sprocket can be used by flipping. The chain and sprocket work are poorly lubricated, have large loads, are prone to jitter, and are prone to sticking dust and debris. Therefore, wear is rapid, the pitch is increased due to wear during use, and the chain elongation, the elongation should not exceed 6% of the original chain, beyond which it should be repaired or replaced. Note that the tension of the V-belt and the chain should be in accordance with regulations. Clutch should achieve reliable joint, do not slip, complete separation; otherwise, according to the instructions to adjust.
5. Inspection and inspection of operating mechanism The operating mechanism shall be operated under the operation of the engine. Operate the hydraulic handles to make the header, reel, stepless transmission and steering wheel move several times. See if the technical requirements can be met; if there is a problem Should be repaired or adjusted, the operating mechanism should be flexible, lightweight and not sinking.
6. Overhaul and maintenance of the engine The engine is the source of power for the entire combine harvester, which should be maintained and maintained before each harvest. The contents of engine overhaul include: oil sump replacement, maintenance and cleaning of “three filters†and water tanks, inspection and adjustment of valve clearance and fuel supply time to achieve optimal conditions. Start the engine is easy to start, start to observe the oil pressure, temperature, water temperature, charging, lighting, and the status of the various instruments is correct.
7. Overhaul of main working parts
(1) After the engine is well maintained, fix the speed at the rated rotation speed, engage the threshing clutch, and check whether the operating conditions of the threshing cylinder, fan, drafter, screen box, auger, and cutter drive mechanism are in compliance with the technical requirements. , repair or adjust if necessary. Afterwards, lubricate the lubrication points and bearings of the entire vehicle.
(2) After inspection and maintenance of the entire combine, the commissioning (test run) can be performed without confirmation.
1. The header section of the header repair section mainly includes reelers, cutters, augers, tilt conveyors, and the like.
(1) Overhaul of the reel. Before inspection, check whether each spring tooth shaft is bent and deformed, and whether the spring tooth is missing or damaged, if any, should be adjusted and added. The contents of the reel check include: 1 Check the position of the reel. Put the reel to the lowest position, the teeth should not touch the cutter and the auger of the header; 2 check the front and rear position of the reel. There should be a proper clearance between the reel's spring teeth and the auger's rotating blades. If it is not in conflict, the axis should be located directly above or slightly to the front of the knife. 3 reel speed adjustment. When harvesting wheat, the circumferential speed of the reel should not exceed 3 m/s in general, which is based on the principle of not repeatedly hitting the wheat ears and not pushing the wheat forward. 4 reel spring tooth angle adjustment. The upright cropping springs should be perpendicular to the ground, and the fallen crops can be adjusted backwards by 10o to 30o. Receiving high-density crops can tilt the spring teeth forward. Under normal circumstances, it is advisable that the spring teeth tilt backward about 10o. Work on an eccentric web before work. The three rollers are lubricated to make them flexible; otherwise, the reels will be unstable and the discs will be worn out.
(2) Overhaul of the cutter. Mainly inspect whether the blade is intact, whether the blade is fixed firmly, whether the moving blade and the center line of the fixed blade coincide, and whether the gap of the blade and the pressure blade is correct. Knife blade is divided into two types: light blade and serrated blade. The movable blade is a serrated blade and the fixed blade is a light blade. The contents of the cutter repair include: 1 Check whether the blade is blunt or damaged. In order to reduce cutting resistance, blunt or damaged blades should be replaced in time. The edge of the moving blade wears to 0.15 mm, and the tooth height is less than 0.5 mm. When there are more than 3 missing teeth in a row, the new blade should be replaced. The serrated blade is usually replaced only and not repaired. The razor blade can be grinded with a light blade and the blade can be sharpened after exceeding 0.3 mm. When the width of the blade is less than the width of the blade guard, it should be scrapped. When riveting, attention must be paid to the correct and stable rivet head. The top surface of the stationary blade should always be on the same plane. 2 Check if the cutter bar is bent or broken. For a curved arbor, it can be placed on the board with a hammer, until the arbor is straight, the broken arbor can be welded and repaired, and the welded joint after welding the arbor should be flat. 3 Check the gap between the stationary blade and the moving blade. This gap should be within 0.3-1 mm, the front end should not be larger than 0.5 mm, and the rear end should not be larger than 1.5 mm. This gap can be adjusted by correcting the position of the blade guard. 4 Check the presser. The pressure blade can not be pressed too hard, there should be a gap of 0.1 to 0.5 mm, with the hand to push the arbor freely as a standard, and its clearance adjustment can be achieved with a hand hammer percussion cutter. 5 When the movable knife is in the left and right two extreme positions, the center of the moving blade and the fixed blade should be overlapped, and the deviation should not be more than 5mm. The adjustment can be done by using a hollow crowbar to horizontally move the blade guard or adjust the length of the connecting rod.
(3) Overhaul of the header auger. The rotating blades of the header auger (header auger) are subjected to strong wear during the pushing of the working material, and the blades may be locally deformed, damaged or de-welded. The deformation of the blade can be knocked back to the original shape, and the damaged blade can be repaired by panel welding. When the leaves and the cylinder are detached, they should be re-welded. The main contents of the auger repair on the header include: (1) The gap between the agitator blade and the floor of the header should be 15-20mm, and when harvesting the low crop, the adjustment can be 10-15mm, and when the high density crop is harvested, it can be adjusted to 20- 30mm to prevent crushing dragon clogging, this gap is achieved by the upper and lower position of the adjustment plate on both sides of the header. 2 The gap between the boring bar and the bottom plate of the header shall be adjusted according to crops, and the minimum shall not be less than 6 mm so as to prevent scratching the bottom plate and causing loss of the missing grain. If the bottom plate is scratched, it shall be repaired in time. Header augers are not allowed to move axially.
(4) Overhaul of the tilt conveyor. At present, most of the inclined conveyors use chain-type conveyors, and it should mainly check whether the tension of the chain is appropriate. The correct one should be lifted 20-35 mm from the middle of the chain by hand. There are adjustment devices on both sides of the inclined conveyor, which can increase or decrease the wheelbase of the driving shaft and the driven shaft. If the adjusting nut is adjusted to the extreme position and the hand can still lift 40 mm from the middle of the chain, then the method of removing the link can be used to adjust the tightness. If the adjustment nut is too loose or too tight, it will cause poor feeding and easy to plug.
2. Overhaul threshing section The threshing section mainly checks the threshing roller and the concave plate. After a certain period of time, the bar and the concave plate will produce uneven wear. When the wear is light, the workability can be restored by trimming the threshing gap. Axial flow rollers Check for loose teeth and missing teeth. The total thickness of the bar is 140.5 mm. When the bar wears heavily, the twill on the surface will be reduced or even flattened (the twill height should not be less than 0.3 mm). At this time, the ability to grasp, rub and disengage will be weakened, and the productivity will be low. The difference in the net rate, the axial movement of the crop to one side, and the possibility of roller jamming, should be replaced with new ones. When replacing, the old and new pattern bars cannot be mixed and replaced. Each bar should be of the same weight. The bending degree of the bar must not exceed 1 mm to prevent the roller from being unbalanced and cause strong vibration to accelerate the machine tool damage. After the installation is completed, a balance test must be performed on the drum, which can be adjusted by adding a counterweight (such as a gasket), but it is necessary to ensure that the counterweight is firm and reliable to ensure safety. When there is a fracture in the pole, it cannot be repaired by welding. The waste should be forecasted and the ratio of the threshing gap population to the outlet gap should be adjusted to 4:1.
3. Maintenance of separation and cleaning device
(1) Check the document processor. Check whether the side teeth of the key box are damaged, whether the document-drawing mechanism crankcase and the key box are deformed, and whether the document-manipulator is deformed will destroy the original correct trajectory of the key surface and reduce the separation effect. Using a ruler to measure the distance between the front and rear journals, the measured distance is not equal, then it indicates that the deformation has occurred, and then the deformation part is specifically determined and the pressure of the deformation part is corrected. The key surface and the inside of the key box should always be inspected during the work, and there should be no blockage to prevent loss of grain.
(2) Check the gap between the document feeder and the side wall. There should be a gap of not less than 5mm, and the gap between adjacent two-key boxes should not be less than 2mm. Pay attention to the clearance of the document-bearing device bearing (wooden bush).
(3) Overhaul of the grain clearance room. In order to reduce the impact of the screen box movement, the connection of the drive mechanism is the use of rubber bearings (rubber sleeves). When the rubber bearing loses its elasticity or is damaged due to aging, the impact is intensified and it should be replaced in time. The scale box of the screen box can be repaired by damage. Remove the broken screen from the shaft and replace the new screen with the screen shaft. Check whether the adjustment mechanism of the upper and lower sieves is effective, and do not shut off the sieves by vibration during work.
4. Overhaul of the power transmission mechanism The power transmission of the combine harvester adopts two forms of tape and chain. The notch of the V-shaped pulley rim can be repaired by electric welding. After welding, the weld with the grooved bevel should be smoothed and polished. Check the chain drive sprocket for damage and wear. Visually check and knock the sprocket for cracks and damage, whether the thread is broken and slipped, whether the keyway is worn, and if so, repair or replace it. The main wear of the sprocket is the gear tooth face, wear makes the gear tooth thickness thinner, when the tooth thickness wears 40%, the tooth width wears 30%, the sprocket should be repaired or replaced, after the above wear, can be repaired by surfacing welding When the tooth thickness wear is not too large, the sprocket can be used by flipping. The chain and sprocket work are poorly lubricated, have large loads, are prone to jitter, and are prone to sticking dust and debris. Therefore, wear is rapid, the pitch is increased due to wear during use, and the chain elongation, the elongation should not exceed 6% of the original chain, beyond which it should be repaired or replaced. Note that the tension of the V-belt and the chain should be in accordance with regulations. Clutch should achieve reliable joint, do not slip, complete separation; otherwise, according to the instructions to adjust.
5. Inspection and inspection of operating mechanism The operating mechanism shall be operated under the operation of the engine. Operate the hydraulic handles to make the header, reel, stepless transmission and steering wheel move several times. See if the technical requirements can be met; if there is a problem Should be repaired or adjusted, the operating mechanism should be flexible, lightweight and not sinking.
6. Overhaul and maintenance of the engine The engine is the source of power for the entire combine harvester, which should be maintained and maintained before each harvest. The contents of engine overhaul include: oil sump replacement, maintenance and cleaning of “three filters†and water tanks, inspection and adjustment of valve clearance and fuel supply time to achieve optimal conditions. Start the engine is easy to start, start to observe the oil pressure, temperature, water temperature, charging, lighting, and the status of the various instruments is correct.
7. Overhaul of main working parts
(1) After the engine is well maintained, fix the speed at the rated rotation speed, engage the threshing clutch, and check whether the operating conditions of the threshing cylinder, fan, drafter, screen box, auger, and cutter drive mechanism are in compliance with the technical requirements. , repair or adjust if necessary. Afterwards, lubricate the lubrication points and bearings of the entire vehicle.
(2) After inspection and maintenance of the entire combine, the commissioning (test run) can be performed without confirmation.
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