First, the morphological characteristics of a female adult. Body covered with a layer of white wax powder, body length 3 ~ 4.2 mm, width 1.4 ~ 2.1 mm, long oval and flat, both sides of the edge is approximately parallel. 2 male adults. The whole body is dark brown, 1.42 mm long and 0.27 mm wide. The body is delicate. 3 eggs. 0.49 mm long, oblong, early orange, light brown prior to hatching, oocysts white, cotton wool. 4 nymphs. A total of two instars, one instar nymphs body length 0.61 mm, no wax powder; second instar nymph body length 0.89 mm, width 0.53 mm, surface wax appeared on the surface. 5 蛹. Body length 1.1 to 1.2 mm, long and slightly flat, yellow-brown. The pods are long, white and soft, and they are nearly parallel on both sides. Second, the law of occurrence and harm Corn cultivars sunflower mealworms mainly harm corn, wheat, sorghum and other grass crops and weeds. Its concealment is strong, early in the roots harm, not easy to be found, especially most farmers do not know the insect, and the symptoms of corn victims are similar to the lack of potassium in maize or lack of water and fertilizer, can easily lead to diagnostic errors, resulting in damage Increase. The worms were born 3 generations a year and were laid in the oocysts of female imagoes and attached to corn roots in the field, corn husks, weeds or soil. The first generation of corn cultivars Sakurazakae took place from late April to early June. The second generation took place from mid-June to early August. The third generation took place from mid-August to mid-September. The first generation mainly harmed wheat; the second generation mainly harmed the summer corn seedlings. After the corn emerged, the eggs began to hatch into nymphs and then moved to the summer corn. The nymphs and female adults were concentrated on the stem base, roots and the roots near the surface of the maize seedlings. Inside the sheath, it absorbs intensive juice damage. The damaged corn sheath first yellowed and dried, the base of the corn stem became dark, and the root tip turned black and rotted, causing the corn to grow slowly. It was difficult to make it solid when severe, resulting in the death of the whole plant; the third generation mainly harmed corn and sorghum. Third, control methods 1. Agricultural control. Corn cultivating Asteria graminis only harms gramineous plants. Therefore, it is possible to adopt crop rotation or dumping, and change the severely damaged summer corn plot to other dicotyledons. When the worm overwinters eggs, it covers the oocysts under the soil. When the soil moisture is too high, it is infected by mold, moldy and rotten, and affects survival. In winter, freezing water is poured between the wheat fields, which can also reduce the source of insects. Increase fertilizer and water, intensive cultivation, weeding and weeding, combined with fertilization and pouring water to change its living conditions to control the spread of spread. 2. Chemical control. Due to the activeness of the 1st instar nymphs, no protective layer of wax powder was secreted, which was the best period for chemical control. After the 2nd instar, wax powder was secreted and was damaged in the underground or in the lower leaf sheath. Since the nymphs of the second year after the inoculation of nymph mealworms adhered to a layer of wax powder, their adaptability was strong. Therefore, before the 2nd instar nymphs were properly controlled, a more effective method of prevention and control was to use the roots of the nymph to treat and sprinkle the soil. Specific prevention methods are as follows: (1) Irrigation of the roots. Use 50% phoxim EC or 15% chlorpyrifos EC or 40% Dimethoate emulsifier to dilute in 500-1000 times solution and spray on the base of maize seedlings or irrigate the root; Phosphorus 1 kg watered with water. (2) Toxic soil. Can be used with 2.5% methyl iso-isocyanide granules (ground up to) 2 to 3 kg or 6% lindane powder 1.50 kg plus fine fluvo-aquic soil 20 to 30 kg evenly; evenly spread in the field or each plant root pile 5 to 6 Grams, then watered for control.
Small Starch Separator Machine
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