Pepper Fertilization Technology Essentials
Peppers continuously absorb nitrogen from the early stages of growth until harvest, and there is a direct relationship between yield and nitrogen uptake. The spiciness of peppers is closely related to the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used—too much nitrogen can reduce the spicy flavor. For dried peppers, it's essential to properly control nitrogen application and increase the proportion of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Excessive nitrogen can lead to excessive vegetative growth, causing fruit to develop umbilical rot due to insufficient calcium supply. During the early flowering stage, nitrogen fertilization must be carefully controlled; otherwise, plants may become too tall and reproductive growth may be delayed. Regardless of the growth phase, proper fertilizer use is crucial. Applying the right type and quantity of fertilizer at the right time is vital to avoid unnecessary problems.
1. **Base Fertilizer**: Apply 5000 kg per mu of decomposed organic fertilizer (5000–8000 kg), ideally using a combination of Jinbao starter, pig manure, human waste, or soil as fertilizer. Mix with 25–50 kg of superphosphate and 25–30 kg of potassium sulfate. Apply 60% of the base fertilizer before planting and the remaining 40% during planting.
2. **Seedling Fertilizer**: In a 12 square meter seedbed, apply 150–200 kg of organic fertilizer, sprinkle 1–2 kg of superphosphate, and plow 3–4 times to mix thoroughly.
3. **Planting Fertilizer**: When the plant has grown 3–4 sections above the stem and leaves, combine watering with top-dressing using 2000 kg of human fecal urine per mu. Half a month later, apply the same amount again. Each acre should receive 1500–2000 kg of fermented organic fertilizer or 40 kg of ammonium sulfate.
4. **Foliar Fertilizer**: During flowering and fruiting, spray a mixture of goldfish algae seaweed and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for better nutrient absorption.
5. **Biological Bacteria Fertilizer**: Biological bacterial fertilizers contain numerous beneficial microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing, phosphate-solubilizing, and potassium-releasing bacteria, along with organic matter, humic acid, and trace elements. These can be used in combination with other fertilizers at any desired stage of pepper growth. High-quality products like Kumba fungus fertilizer not only reduce the overall fertilizer usage but also help alleviate soil compaction, improve microbial content, and enhance the quality of peppers. Using bacterial fertilizers can also improve the pungency and overall quality of the peppers, making them more flavorful and marketable.
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