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Mastering the methods of making silage feed is essential for maximizing the value of green forages. Grasses, legumes, and various green manures can all be turned into silage, which not only improves the quality of the feed but also enhances its utilization efficiency. In today’s context where feed is both expensive and scarce, silage offers a cost-effective solution. But how can we ensure that we get the most out of this process? Here are some practical techniques to improve the success rate of silage production.
One effective method is using a silage starter like Goldbaby Type II. This product makes the fermentation process faster, safer, and easier to manage. The key to success lies in following the “four essentialsâ€:
**1. Quality of Raw Materials**
The first step is to harvest the forage at the right time. Different plants have varying nutritional values depending on their growth stage. For grasses, it's best to cut them at the heading stage, while legumes should be harvested when they’re in the bud stage. Additionally, selecting materials with higher sugar content is crucial. Lactic acid bacteria thrive in environments with around 1% to 5% sugar, which helps create the ideal conditions for fermentation. Legumes tend to be high in protein but low in sugar, so it’s often beneficial to dry them in the sun before mixing them with other high-sugar feeds to balance the composition.
**2. Moisture Content**
Maintaining the right moisture level is critical for successful silage. The ideal range is between 65% and 75%, as this promotes optimal fermentation and minimizes dry matter loss. To check moisture, take a handful of material, squeeze it tightly for one minute, and then release. If juice comes out, the moisture is over 75%. If it holds its shape without dripping, it’s between 70% and 75%. A slightly elastic ball indicates about 55% to 65%, while a quickly collapsing ball suggests lower moisture, and if the material breaks apart, it’s below 50%.
**3. Anaerobic Conditions**
Creating an anaerobic environment is essential for promoting lactic acid bacteria activity. This helps inhibit harmful microbes and preserves nutrients. To achieve this, chop or crush the forage, pack it tightly, and seal it immediately after filling. Regular checks of the storage area are important to prevent air leaks, which can spoil the batch.
**4. Proper Operation**
When using a silage starter like Goldbaby Type II, follow the correct dosage: 1 kg per ton of raw material. Mix the starter with corn flour in a 1:5 ratio (1 kg starter + 5 kg corn flour) before applying it. Spread the silage in layers of about 20 cm, and sprinkle the mixture evenly across the top. Sealing the pile promptly is vital. Using a fermentation aid not only accelerates the process but also reduces the risk of failure due to improper handling. It helps eliminate oxygen, creating the perfect anaerobic environment, and ultimately leads to better results with less waste and effort.
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