Expectant mothers are the focus of protection for the whole family. A wide variety of nutritional supplements and health products have become one of the main ways that family and friends have expressed concern. Do pregnant women really need these extra nutrients?
The reporter asked: Many people think that during pregnancy, the daily dietary intake of nutrition can not keep up with the needs of fetal development, so they will eat additional health products. Is there such a need?
Yang Zujing: Aside from my clinical work, the majority of modern pregnant mothers lack nutrition, but most of them fall into the category of “nutrition excessâ€. This has also led to an increase in the incidence of huge children today.
Pregnancy is the normal process of women at a certain physiological stage. During this period, expectant mothers' demand for nutrients such as vitamins and minerals will actually increase. And because of unreasonable cooking methods, poor appetite, picky eaters, and strong pregnancy reactions, some expectant mothers will have more severe nutrient intake.
We generally recommend that if the expectant mother is in good health, the check indicators for fetal development are normal, and food supplementation is better. On this basis, you can follow the doctor's advice and eat some pregnant women's nutritional supplements or health supplements. At present, the medical community has relatively accepted the view that folic acid, iron, calcium preparations, and multivitamins are "necessities" for pregnancy care. Deep-sea fish oil, protein powder, etc. belong to "luxury goods". Because of the high calories of pregnant women's milk powder, be careful when drinking.
The reporter asked: Did you just mention that some health products belong to the “necessary for pregnant women†and are they for every pregnant woman to eat?
Yang Zujing A: Overall, it is true that every pregnant woman can supplement folic acid, iron, calcium, and vitamins. However, there are differences in the time and dosage of taking it.
For example, in the first three months of pregnancy, begin to supplement folic acid, 0.4-0.8 mg a day, eat the third month after pregnancy. Ingestion of folic acid in sufficient quantity can reduce the possibility of infant birth defects and reduce deformities such as neural tube defects. Conditions can continue to take folic acid and vitamins.
With the extension of pregnancy, the mother's demand for calories, vitamins and minerals are increasing. Such as calcium, 800 mg daily in the early pregnancy, the second trimester need 1200 mg daily. However, the Chinese dietary structure has an obvious “short boardâ€, that is, the intake of dairy products is small, many people do not like to drink milk, coupled with less sun exposure, the lack of vitamin D in the body can promote calcium absorption, may cause calcium Insufficient reserve.
Therefore, after pregnancy, mothers should be encouraged to drink two glasses of milk a day, which can basically guarantee half of the daily calcium intake. Within the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, there is no need for additional calcium if there are no calcium deficiency symptoms. If you often have cramps, joint pain, back pain, you must be alert to calcium deficiency, in addition to milk, 600 mg of calcium should be added every day. By the second trimester, basically every pregnant woman needs to supplement 1200 milligrams of calcium. On weekdays, pregnant women should be encouraged to enjoy more sun and vitamin D levels. Selecting a combination of calcium and vitamin D also helps promote calcium absorption.
In the second and third trimester of pregnancy, we must pay attention to the supplementation of iron elements. Because mothers and babies need blood production, and pregnancy leads to increased blood volume, expectant mothers may experience physiological anemia. If there are insufficient animal foods containing iron in the diet, if they do not like liver and animal blood products, and the examination shows that the hemoglobin is lower than 105 g/L, 60-100 mg of iron should be added daily.
Many vitamins for pregnant women are available on the market today. They not only ensure daily vitamin supplementation, but also provide sufficient quantities of iron, and some contain a small amount of calcium. In the early pregnancy, eat one such complex vitamin each day. In the second trimester, calcium supplements are added.
The reporter asked: Now people who eat deep-sea fish oil, pregnant women's milk powder and protein powder are not rare. If the diet is balanced and eats in large amounts, will it be harmful?
Yang Zujing A: The deep-sea fish oil and other health products made from marine organisms, containing unsaturated fatty acids such as DHA, are beneficial to the fetal nerve development. However, mothers who regularly eat deep-sea fishes do not need to eat such health products. And some deep-sea fish oils contain substances that are androgen-like. Excessive intake is also harmful.
The milk sugar and calories of pregnant women's milk powder are very high. If pregnant mother picky eaters, vomiting and other early pregnancy reaction is serious, food intake is decreased, with twins, or baby development is slow, small size, moderate drink is good. However, dietary regulars, or already have obesity, high blood sugar, and then drink it will easily lead to excessive calories, increase the chance of producing huge children, but also may induce gestational diabetes.
The main ingredient of protein powder is soy protein or whey protein. Pure vegetarians and pregnant mothers who do not like to eat meat can eat a spoonful a day. However, excessive intake of soy protein may increase the burden on the kidneys. And relatively speaking, pregnant mothers are more recommended to increase the intake of whey protein, drink more milk, eat more fish and shrimp.
The reporter asked: Many pregnant women suffer from constipation. Some people will eat some dietary fiber. is this okay?
Yang Zujing: Most pregnant women have constipation problems, but they are different. It is still recommended to eat more vegetables. If you do not have a bowel movement for a long time, you can eat some dietary fiber to speed up the discharge of intestinal waste. But not recommended.
Reporter: At present, many health care products promote the use of "natural materials", such as extracting essence with ginseng and black-bone chicken. Some pregnant women think that these health foods are equivalent to food and they can eat more. How is the truth?
Yang Zujing A: The first principle for choosing health care products for pregnant women is that the product is "for pregnant women." The use of valuable traditional Chinese medicines or plants and animals with medicinal properties as main ingredients, such as ginseng, pilose antler, and ganoderma lucidum, can be eaten by most people, but its tonic effect is too strong, but it is not suitable for pregnant women.
The reporter asked: If you need to buy health products, what principles should be mastered?
Yang Zujing A: It is best to consult with a doctor. At the time of purchase, understand your own needs and look for ingredients and doses.
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