Jujube is widely distributed in northern China, with few diseases and insect pests, and has strong adaptability. It can be used as an excellent rootstock for cultivated varieties of jujube. However, due to the small fruit, thin flesh, and not easy to peel, it causes a large number of fruit mold rotten each year, reducing the utilization rate. The farmers in the mountainous areas in the western part of Shaanxi Province in the north of Shaanxi Province have been using the sun drying method and the stepping method. The method is simple and the operation is easy. The peeling date kernel is clean and full, and can be stored for one year at room temperature. The specific technology is now described as follows:
1. Drying step. Chopped jujube can be harvested after ripening, the best time for general picking is October. Premature picking, fruit maturity is incomplete, utilization is not high; late picking, Zaomu mold rotten more. The collected wild jujube can not be piled up for too long, because the water content is more, it should be spread on the ground in time to dry, avoid mildew and lose activity. In the daily drying, it must be turned several times to make all jujubes evenly dry. Generally drying on the cement floor for two or three days, drying on the surface of the land for four or five days, there can be skin shrinkage, or shake the fruit can hear the sound, indicating that there is a gap between the flesh and fruit, you can stop drying, start to peel . When the amount is small, artificially repeatedly stepping on the ankle to separate the flesh from the core; when the amount is large, the lighter round rolled stone can be used for rolling, and the general weight is about 50 kilograms. You can retire afterwards.
2. Clean the filter. After treading or rolling, the pericarp and nucleus can be detached, but they are still mixed together and cannot be used directly. In order to separate jujube kernels, it is necessary to clean and filter. Pour the mixture into a bucket containing water. After stirring, the separated pulp, peel, and other debris will float out of the water and be filtered off with a filter. Precipitate the jujube kernel at the bottom of the barrel, wash it by hand several times until the surface of the jujube core is clean, and then stir and filter to precipitate a clean jujube kernel.
3. Dry, storage. The newly precipitated jujube nucleus has a large amount of water, which should be promptly spread on the flatland for drying for six or seven days to make it fully dry. It is then collected, put into a bag of ventilation, and stored at dry room temperature. Jujube nucleus has strong viability, generally sowing in the year or the next year, and the emergence rate is higher, which is used to graft fine jujube varieties.
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