First, the role of corn roots returned to the field
1, reduce labor intensity and maintain soil moisture
Because a large number of straws, especially those roots, were abandoned in the fields, they not only severely affected the operation of the squatters, but also made manual removal of smuts a burden for the majority of farmers. Artificial debridement, labor intensity, ergonomics at the end, will also destroy the soil moisture, affect the cultivation of seedlings in the next crop, so there is an urgent need to eliminate the mechanization of operations.
2. Improve soil fertility and promote grain yield
Since many plots do not apply farmyard fertilizers for many years, increasing production by applying multiple chemical fertilizers results in the continuous mineralization of soil organic matter without the addition of fresh organic matter, which results in a continuous decline in soil fertility, soil compaction, and a decrease in the number of microorganisms, resulting in reduced yields or yield stability. Implementing the method to restore soils can increase soil organic matter, increase soil fertility, and increase grain yield. It was determined that 0.48 kg of nitrogen, 0.38 kg of phosphorus, and 1.67 kg of potassium per 100 kg of fresh corn root pot correspond to 2.4 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 3.8 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 3.4 kg of potassium fertilizer. Yield of 6000-7500kg/hm 2 corn, root boring about 2700-3000kg/hm 2 (fresh), timely return to the field, the equivalent of using ammonium sales 13.5kg, superphosphate 11.4kg, potassium sulfate 35.7kg. The corn root cultivars also increased the content of soil organic matter by 0.08-0.1%, soil capacity by 0.02g, and the moisture content of 1m3 by 1.5-2.0%, which greatly improved soil fertility and improved soil structure. If you return to the land year after year, the results are remarkable.
3. After the corn roots return to the field, they can maintain the original ridge shape without breaking the boundary.
Second, the application of corn root to field technology
Corn roots can be returned to the field in the fall or in the spring. It is also necessary to pay attention to the close integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, implements to meet agronomic requirements, and agronomics to create appropriate conditions for machine operations.
1. Main technical specifications of corn root returning machine
Take the 1GQN180D extermination machine as an example. Its main technical specifications are:
Weight of machine: 4300kg
Working speed: 1--4km/h
Cultivation width: 180cm
Productivity: 0.2-0.33hm 2 /h
Supporting power: 38kw (50HP) tractor
Plow depth: 14-20cm
2. Technical requirements for returning corn into field
(1) Corn roots should be returned to the field at a moisture content of 30%. The crushed soil shall have a length of 5 cm or less, and the standing roots shall not exceed 0.5%, and the soil fraction shall reach 93.8%.
(2) After root smashing and returning to the field, timely application of base fertilizer must be performed. In addition to manure, 20-50 kg of nitrogen fertilizer must be applied. This will prevent the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms and compete with the next crop for oxygen, and it is beneficial to roots. The rotten rot.
(3) Snakes should be promptly turned after spreading, and the crushed roots should be buried as much as possible. One way to do this is to help maintain the moisture in the roots and soil, so as to facilitate decomposition; second, to avoid the volatilization of chemical fertilizers to maintain fertilizer efficiency.
(4) In order to prevent the aerial fields from seeding overhead and affecting the emergence of seedlings, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive pressure in order to ensure the public opinion and promote the decay of the seedlings and roots of the mandible.
三ã€Preparation of corn roots before returning fields
1. The plot is prepared to transport the cut straw out of the plot, determine the row spacing and ridge height of the corn, and observe whether there are obstacles affecting the mechanical operation in the plot, if any.
2. Choose the roots that are suitable for the root row spacing of the corn. To ensure that the tractor tires run on the furrows, the work width must be wide enough to ensure that the roots can be crushed.
3, try to adjust the various components that do not meet the requirements.
4. Perform the quality inspection of the ground smashing and returning to the field to check the factors such as the length of smashing, the uniformity of the sprinkled on the ground, the appropriateness of the walking speed, and other factors related to the operation quality.
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