Despite losing 90% of the brain, a French man still lives a healthy and normal life, prompting scientists to reflect from a biological perspective: How does human consciousness arise?
After decades of research, our understanding of consciousness is still very limited. We know that, to some extent, consciousness is based on the brain. But after losing most neurons, why can humans still understand themselves and the surrounding environment?
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Since the British medical journal Lancet first published the special case of the French man in 2007, he has been plaguing scientists for almost 10 years. The French man was 44 years old and his identity was kept secret. He spent most of his life safely and never realized how different he was from ordinary people. Until he went to see a doctor because his left leg was a little sick. A doctor's scan of his brain showed that most of his skull was filled with liquid, and the real brain tissue was left with a thin layer, and the inside of the brain was almost completely eroded.
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Doctors believe that most of the brain of this man has been destroyed by hydrocephalus that has accumulated in the brain for more than 30 years. He was diagnosed with hydrocephalus in his childhood and was treated with stents. At the age of 14, the stent was removed. Since then, most of his brain seems to have been eroded. However, although he has only a few brain tissues left, his spirit has not been disabled. Although his IQ is only 75, he is still working as a normal civil servant. He even got married and has 2 children, and they are quite healthy.
His case studies not only prompted scientists to question the conditions needed for human survival, but also challenged our understanding of consciousness. In the past, researchers thought that consciousness may be related to a variety of specific brain regions, such as the screen nucleus (thin neurons between the main brain regions) or the visual cortex. But if these guesses are correct, then the French man should not be aware of the fact that most of the brain is missing.
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