Our region is rich in straw and sweet potato resources, and local farmers have long practiced using sweet potatoes to make fans through biofermentation. However, the majority of the potato residue left after this process is often discarded, with only a small portion used for animal feed. To maximize the utilization of these by-products, the author conducted experiments on cultivating Hericium erinaceus (Lion's Mane mushroom) using a combination of rice straw and sweet potato residue. The following details are provided for reference.
1. **Mycelium Selection**
It is crucial to select high-quality mycelium that exhibits strong vitality, uniform shape, rapid growth, and good resistance to diseases. The mother culture is grown on PDA medium, while the original strain is prepared using wood chips and wheat bran to ensure a healthy and vigorous base for further cultivation.
2. **Cultivation Substrate Formula**
The formula consists of 43% rice straw, 43% sweet potato residue, 12% corn flour, 1% gypsum powder, 0.5% superphosphate, and 0.5% sucrose. Each bottle is filled with 171 grams of the mixture, ensuring a balanced nutrient supply for optimal mushroom growth.
3. **Cultivation Method**
Fresh, mildew-free straw is cut into small pieces measuring 1.5 to 2 cm in length. These are soaked in 1.5% lime water for 8 hours, then rinsed thoroughly with clean water and drained. The ingredients are then mixed together, with the pH adjusted to around 5. After mixing, 750 ml of the culture medium is poured into each bottle. The bottles are sealed with kraft paper and sterilized in an autoclave for one hour. Once the temperature drops below 26°C, the mycelium is inoculated. The incubation is carried out at a temperature range of 22–27°C. When the mycelium fully colonizes the bottle and begins to form fruit bodies, the seal is removed. At this stage, the environment is maintained at 15–20°C with air humidity between 80% and 90%. Water is sprayed 1–2 times daily to maintain moisture levels.
This method has proven effective in producing high yields of Hericium erinaceus with excellent biological efficiency. By utilizing agricultural waste products such as straw and sweet potato residue, the process not only reduces waste but also promotes sustainable and economically viable mushroom farming. This approach could serve as a model for other regions facing similar resource challenges.
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