In recent years, corn stalk returning technology has gradually gained popularity. However, because some farmers have not grasped this technology comprehensively, some problems have arisen in farming and have had a negative effect. Specifically, the emergence rate of some wheat fields after returning some straw to the fields is low. Yellow seedlings, weak seedlings, and even dead seedlings, the analysis of the reasons are mainly the following aspects.
First, carbon and nitrogen ratio imbalance. The carbon and nitrogen ratio of the straw itself is 65-85:1, and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen that is suitable for microbial activity is 25:1. The nitrogen in the soil after the straw is returned to the field causes the microorganism to compete with the crop for nitrogen. As a result, the straw decomposition is slow and the wheat seedling is Nitrogen deficiency and yellow, weak seedlings, poor growth. Solution: After the straw is crushed, spread 50 kg of ammonium hydroxide or 20 kg of urea on the surface of the crushed straw before rotating tillage or farmland, and then plow.
Second, straw smash does not meet the requirements. Some crushed straws are too long and their length is more than 10 centimeters, which is not conducive to ploughing and affects sowing. Solution: Use a large straw crusher, because large horsepower of the large straw crusher machine not only crushes the straw but also crushes the straw in the rotary tillage and the soil is evenly mixed and the rotation is deeper.
Third, the proportion of soil pore size is irrational. After the straw is returned to the field, the soil becomes too loose and the large pores are too much. As a result, the wind is run, and the soil and seeds cannot be in close contact with each other, which affects the germination and growth of the seeds, making the roots of wheat not firmly rooted or even hanging. So, how can we remedy the above defects and ensure stable production and high output? In addition to taking the above targeted measures, but also pay attention to the following aspects: 1, make additional nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer. 2, improve soil moisture. 3, improve the quality of sowing. Straw returned to the plot to improve the quality of sowing. 4, timely suppression of watering. After wheat is sown, it is allowed to dry for one day and then pressed with sarcophagus to compact the soil and eliminate large holes. The ratio of size and pores is reasonable. The seed is in close contact with the soil, which is conducive to germinating and rooting. It can avoid the phenomenon of wheat hanging. 5. Elimination of pathogens. Sick stalks cannot be directly returned to the field, otherwise summer corn is prone to disease, and such stalks should be destroyed or used after high-temperature heap rot.
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