The disease occurs during the storage and transportation of lily bulbs, often leading to significant losses if not managed properly. Initially, dark brown lesions appear on the affected scales, which are sunken and gradually expand inward. As the infection progresses, the bulbs become dry and shriveled over several weeks, eventually leading to complete rot. In the later stages, a bluish-gray mold develops on the infected areas, consisting of the conidiophores and conidia of the pathogenic fungi.
The primary pathogens responsible for this disease are *Penicillium cyclopium* Westl. and *P. corymbiferum* Westl., both belonging to the genus *Penicillium* within the subphylum Ascomycota. These fungi are known to infect various plant species and can also cause decay in other organic materials. Their ability to thrive in moist environments makes them particularly problematic during storage when humidity is high.
To prevent the spread of the disease, it is recommended to follow similar practices used for lily bulb soft rot. One effective method is to mix 156 grams of calcium chlorite powder into 22.7 kilograms of packing soil during storage and transport. This helps to suppress fungal growth and reduce the risk of infection. Additionally, soaking the bulbs in a solution of benzene-based fungicides in warm water can further inhibit the development of the disease. Proper ventilation, controlled humidity, and regular monitoring are also essential in preventing outbreaks and ensuring the quality of stored lily bulbs.
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