Some farmers prefer to mound the soil around fruit trees, raising it up to 30 to 40 cm or even higher. They believe this practice helps the trees grow better, but in reality, this method can do more harm than good. Mounding the soil, also known as "Gao Peituo" in some regions, can actually hinder the healthy development of fruit trees.
One major issue is that mounding restricts the roots' ability to breathe properly. This lack of aeration can lead to root suffocation and weaken the tree's overall health. Additionally, it limits the activity of beneficial aerobic bacteria in the soil, which are essential for breaking down organic matter into nutrients that the tree’s roots can absorb. Without these nutrients, the tree struggles to produce enough carbohydrates through photosynthesis, leading to fewer leaves and reduced growth.
Mounding can also cause the roots to grow in an unnatural way, forming what are called "double roots" or "girdling roots." These abnormal root structures can create competition for water and nutrients between the upper and lower parts of the root system, further weakening the tree. In the fall, when the new roots dry out, they may die due to dehydration, especially if the mounded soil doesn't have enough moisture. This leads to significant nutrient loss and weakens the tree’s ability to survive the winter.
On the other hand, if there is not enough soil around the tree, it can also be problematic. Insufficient soil restricts root growth, which in turn affects the development of the trunk, branches, and leaves. During rainy seasons, excess water can collect in the planting hole, causing root rot. In winter, ice and snow can freeze the roots, further damaging the tree.
The ideal height of the soil around the base of the tree should be about 10 cm above ground level. It's important not to press the soil down again after planting, as this can cause compaction and reduce air circulation. Allowing the soil to settle naturally helps prevent waterlogging while maintaining proper drainage. By following these guidelines, growers can support healthy root development and ensure long-term tree vitality.
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