First, the causes of the disease (A) in cucumbers are often related to poor fertilization in female flowers. When the pollination process is incomplete, the fruit develops abnormally, causing the front part of the melon to swell and take on a large-bell-like shape. (B) Overuse of nitrogen-based fertilizers can lead to an imbalance in nutrient uptake, especially a deficiency in potassium, which may result in the formation of large, waterlogged fruits. (C) Inconsistent watering during the growth cycle can also contribute to this issue. If the plants experience drought early on and then receive excessive water later, it can cause rapid cell expansion, leading to the development of large, unevenly shaped cucumbers. This happens because cells grow slowly under dry conditions and then expand quickly when water becomes available, resulting in a swollen, irregular fruit.
Second, to manage this problem, several control measures can be taken. First, it's important to create optimal growing conditions that encourage proper flowering. Using appropriate pollen application techniques can help improve fertilization rates. Second, applying potassium-rich fertilizers such as wood ash or potassium nitrate can help balance nutrient levels. Foliar sprays containing potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be effective in supplementing potassium directly to the leaves. Third, maintaining a consistent and balanced water supply throughout the growth period is crucial. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged, and sudden flooding after periods of drought should be avoided to prevent abnormal fruit development. By following these practices, cucumber growers can significantly reduce the occurrence of large, misshapen fruits and improve overall crop quality.
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