Black spot is a bacterial disease caused by *Pseudomonas* species. Once the disease occurs, the caps of the mushrooms develop oval, brown to dark brown spots that initially appear as small, needle-like lesions. These spots gradually enlarge to 2–4 mm in diameter, with neat edges, and sometimes the cap may crack. The infection can significantly reduce the quality and marketability of the crop.
To manage black spot, maintaining proper temperature and humidity levels is crucial. When watering the mushroom house, avoid directly spraying water onto the fruit bodies of *E. velutipes*. Especially, never use cold water for spraying. The relative humidity inside the growing area should not remain above 90% for extended periods. Adjust watering based on weather conditions—water lightly, frequently, and evenly on sunny days, while reducing or stopping watering during rainy periods. After each watering, ensure proper ventilation before re-covering the plastic film. Keep the temperature below 17°C during the fruiting stage to slow down bacterial growth. As soon as symptoms appear, remove the affected mushrooms and spray them with either 100–200 units of streptomycin per milliliter or a 600-fold dilution of bleaching powder.
Rust spot, also caused by *Pseudomonas* spp., primarily affects the mushroom caps. At first, it appears as small, needle-like spots that later grow to the size of sesame seeds. Unlike black spot, the edges of these lesions are irregular and may merge together, forming large, uneven rust-colored patches.
To prevent rust spot, avoid direct spraying on the fruit bodies when misting the growing area. Always ventilate thoroughly after spraying. Ensure that the indoor humidity does not stay above 95% for long periods. When the surface of the substrate bag becomes covered with a thin layer of plastic film, carefully dry the fruit bodies before proceeding. In the early stages of the disease, take immediate action to prevent the spread of bacteria to healthy mushrooms. Apply a solution of 50% carbendazim diluted 800 times, or spray with 100–200 units of agricultural streptomycin per milliliter. Regular monitoring and prompt intervention are key to effective disease control.
By following these practices, growers can significantly reduce the risk of bacterial infections and maintain healthier mushroom crops.
Fresh Half Shell Mussel Meat,Half Shell Mussel Meat,Frozen Cooked Mussel Meat,Frozen Mussel
Shengsi Xiangyuan Aquatic Products Co.,Ltd., , https://www.mytilus-edulis.com