As the weather warms up and the garlic cloves begin to sprout, a green film starts forming on their surface. Once the seedlings turn green, the lower parts of the plants start developing adventitious roots, which help in nutrient accumulation for the formation of garlic scapes and bulbs. This is a crucial growth stage that determines the quality and yield of the garlic crop. To ensure optimal development, the following management practices should be implemented:
First, it's important to clean the mulch film after winter watering. Dust or silt can settle on the film, reducing light penetration and affecting plant growth. Removing this debris will improve light exposure and help raise soil temperature, promoting healthier growth.
Second, check the mulch regularly for any damage caused by wind or animals. If the film is torn or lifted, repair it immediately. Also, make sure the garlic shoots under the film are properly aligned so that the plants grow uniformly and remain healthy.
Third, if the garlic has been grown continuously, the soil may become deficient in essential micronutrients. This deficiency can lead to weak, stunted plants. To address this, apply a foliar fertilizer such as "Yue Le" brand Mg-B-Zn-Fe, 2–3 times after the plants turn green. This will help replenish the missing nutrients and support strong plant development.
Fourth, implement proper fertilization based on temperature. When the daily average temperature stabilizes between 10°C and 15°C, apply water along with 8–10 kg of pure nitrogen or 2 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu. Alternatively, you can use 30 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer to provide the necessary nutrients for robust growth.
Lastly, monitor and control diseases and pests. Common garlic diseases include soft rot, leaf blight, and rust. For soft rot, spray 72% agricultural streptomycin at 4000 times dilution or 77% mancozeb at 6000 times. For leaf blight, use 75% chlorothalonil at 800 times or 64% ribavirin at 500 times. For rust, apply 15% triadimefon at 1000 times dilution, repeating the treatment 2–3 times. During the second irrigation, you can also add 48% chlorpyrifos at 500 g per mu or BT emulsion at 2–3 kg per mu to manage pests effectively.
By following these steps, you can ensure that your garlic crop grows strong, healthy, and productive throughout the growing season.
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