The Abnormal Phenomenon of Rice Seed Precipitation

When seeds fail to germinate, several factors may be at play. First, the seeds may not have absorbed enough water due to a short soaking period, which is essential for initiating the germination process. Second, if there are too few seeds in the pile, or if the pre-heating temperature is insufficient, the initial temperature during the germination phase may be too low, preventing proper sprouting. Third, poor insulation can lead to inadequate heat retention within the seed pile, causing the internal temperature to fall below the optimal range required for germination. When this happens, it's important to identify the root cause and take corrective action. If the initial temperature is too low and the seeds are dry, they can be warmed to around 60°C and re-moistened to encourage germination. On sunny days, drying the seeds before re-warming them can also help. During rainy weather, a small amount of warm water can be used to treat the seeds, combined with dry honeycomb ash to reduce humidity and promote better germination. Throughout the process, maintaining good insulation is crucial to support healthy sprouting. Once the seeds start to sprout, there's a risk of overheating if the temperature inside the pile exceeds 40°C for an extended period. This condition is commonly referred to as "burning barrels." Burned buds often show signs like yellow rust on the shoots or a light brown coloration. The buds and apical parts of the shoots may die off, accompanied by a noticeable wine-like odor. This occurs because excessive heat leads to poor air circulation, resulting in anaerobic respiration and the accumulation of alcohol, which becomes toxic to the seeds. To prevent this, it's essential to monitor the temperature closely after the seeds begin to break through the husk and to aerate the pile when necessary. Another issue that can arise is the phenomenon of "sliding shell," where the husks become sticky and clump together, making it difficult for the seeds to separate naturally. This typically happens when the moisture level is too high before the dew point, leading to strong anaerobic respiration. As sugars from the seeds are released and fermented, organic acids form, creating an environment where microorganisms thrive. This results in a sour smell and a slimy texture on the husks. Seeds with low germination rates, long exposure times, or poor viability are particularly prone to this problem. To prevent sliding shells, it's important to select high-quality seeds, control moisture levels during the dew-point stage, and maintain a consistent temperature of around 35°C. Root bud malformation is another common issue during the germination process. This can manifest as roots that are either too short or too long, or as buds without roots at all. The primary cause is improper management of temperature and humidity. In areas where the moisture content is uneven, high moisture and low oxygen levels can lead to "wet long shoots," where the shoot grows longer than the root. Conversely, in drier conditions with more oxygen, "long dry roots" may occur, where the root grows longer but the shoot remains short. Additionally, temperature variations within the pile can cause issues: the center tends to be warmer but less oxygenated, leading to "warm long rooting," while the outer edges are cooler but more oxygen-rich, resulting in "cold shoots." To avoid these imbalances, it's important to ensure even distribution of moisture, temperature, and oxygen throughout the seed pile, and to handle the seeds carefully before and after breaking the chest.

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