1. Choose and apply fertilizers based on local climate conditions. For instance, during dry, rainless, or cold weather, fertilizer effectiveness may be reduced because the soil lacks moisture to activate nutrients. On the other hand, high temperatures and heavy rainfall can cause nutrients to leach away too quickly, leading to wastage. Therefore, it's best to apply phosphate fertilizers in autumn and early spring when conditions are more favorable. In summer, potassium fertilizers should be used more frequently, while ammonium and nitrate nitrogen fertilizers are ideal for colder seasons to support plant growth without overloading the soil.
2. Select and apply fertilizers according to soil type and condition. If the soil has low nutrient content, poor structure, or is overly acidic or alkaline, it may require more fertilizer to meet crop needs. Soils with low redox potential—often found in waterlogged or compacted areas—also benefit from additional nutrients to improve fertility and root development.
3. Adjust fertilizer use based on the type of fertilizer being applied. For example, acidic soils should receive alkaline or physiologically alkaline fertilizers to balance pH levels, while alkaline soils should be treated with acidic or physiologically acidic options. Ammonium-based nitrogen fertilizers should be incorporated into the soil rather than left on the surface to reduce volatilization. Organic or slow-release fertilizers are best used as base fertilizers, while quick-release options are suitable for top-dressing. Also, avoid using fertilizers that might harm seed germination when applying at the early stages of plant growth.
4. Choose and apply fertilizers depending on the crop being grown. Leafy vegetables like spinach, mulberry trees, and grasses generally require higher amounts of nitrogen to promote lush growth. Legumes, such as beans and peas, can fix atmospheric nitrogen, so they need less nitrogen but often require more phosphorus and potassium. Root and tuber crops, like potatoes and carrots, benefit from increased potassium to enhance quality and yield. Additionally, it's important to apply fertilizers during the crop’s most critical growth stages to maximize efficiency and achieve the highest possible yield.
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