Red spot disease is a major threat to faba bean crops, causing severe defoliation and leading to blackening and drying of the stems and pods. This not only reduces the crusting rate but also increases the open space rate, significantly affecting both the yield and quality of the crop. This year, the unusually warm winter and spring, combined with continuous rainfall, has created high humidity in the fields, leading to an early onset and rapid spread of red spot disease.
According to systematic observations on March 7 and 12, all inspected fields showed 100% infection rates, with intercropped areas reaching 96.67% and 100%, respectively. The disease index was recorded at 19.33 and 24, while pure fields had an infection rate of 100% with a disease index of 21.33 and 22. On March 10, ten different types of faba bean fields were surveyed, revealing that the red spot disease affected 100% of the plants, with individual leaf infection rates ranging from 89.66% to 100%, averaging 98.02%. This is the highest incidence recorded since 1975 during this time of year.
Based on analysis of various factors, it is expected that this year's red spot disease will occur at a moderate level. However, if the flowering period coincides with rainy weather, the outbreak could be more severe. Therefore, proactive measures are essential to manage the disease effectively.
To prevent red spot disease, farmers should focus on proper field drainage to reduce humidity and enhance the plant’s resistance. Infected branches should be promptly removed and disposed of properly to minimize the bacterial source. For chemical control, it is recommended to start spraying from the early flowering stage. A mixture of 25% prochloraz wettable powder (70g per mu) or 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder (80g per mu), diluted in 50–60 kg of water, should be applied by full-plant spray. Spraying should be repeated every 7–10 days for 2–3 times, depending on the severity of the outbreak. Early intervention is crucial to prevent widespread damage and ensure a healthier harvest.
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