First, prevention and control goals
The prevention and treatment rate of major pests and diseases of corn is over 90%, the overall control effect of pests and diseases is over 80%, the damage loss rate is controlled below 5%, and the area under specialized unified prevention and control reaches 15%. Further expand the area of ​​green prevention and control demonstration and promotion, and effectively reduce the use of chemical pesticides.
Second, prevention and control strategies
Focusing on key diseases and insect pests in different ecological regions, with the core of safeguarding corn production safety, we will implement comprehensive prevention and control strategies based on green prevention and control technologies, and environmentally-friendly chemical and physical controls.
Third, prevention and control measures
(I) The focus of prevention and control in different regions
North Spring Broadcasting Maize Area Key prevention and control of corn borer, underground pest, corn dwarf disease, second- and third-generation armyworm, corn stalk rot and big spot disease; Huanghuaihai summer sowing maize area key prevention and control of corn borer, underground pests, two Aedes albopictus, second- and third-generation armyworm, cotton bollworm, thrips, corn stalk rot and brown spot, Shandong, Henan, and Hebei take into account the corn rough dwarf disease; southwest mountain hilly corn area key prevention and control corn borer, underground Pests, sheath blight, leaf blight, large leaf spot, and gray spot disease, pay attention to the second and third generation of armyworm; the northwestern region focuses on the prevention and control of corn borers, leafhoppers, double spotters, and both Gansu and Ningxia.
(II) Main technical measures
1. Underground pests (tiger tigers, earthworms, golden needleworms, ploughing, etc.). The use of thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, such as seed dressing or coating, can simultaneously cure seedlings thrips, aphids (dwarf mosaic virus mediator) and spurts (drug mediators).
2. Soil-borne diseases (black ear, dwarfism). The use of difenoconazole, tebuconazole and other fungicides seed dressing or coating control silk ear, dwarf disease can be used in heavy carbofuran dressing or coating.
3. Corn soup. In the summer maize field, the straw was returned to the field in the spring, and the spring corn area was sealed in 15 days before the winter overwintering, and the base number of the overwintering larvae of the corn borer was reduced; the insecticidal lamp or sex attractant was used to kill the overwintering adult. Adult eggs released Trichogramma at the beginning of oviposition. Spray Bt preparation when the egg hatching rate reaches 30%; Bt, chlorpyrifos, phoxim granules may be applied at the end of the heart leaf stage, or spraying with chlorantraniliprole, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, etc. may be used. The salt is rationally compounded and sprayed to improve the control effect and to treat other kinds of pests.
4. Corn stalk rot. Planted resistant varieties. The use of flurbizoie cream, difenoconazole, fludioxonil, tebuconazole and other seed dressing or coating can reduce the incidence, while controlling the head smut, and concurrent treatment of root rot.
5. Corn leaf spot diseases. Selection of disease-resistant varieties, reasonable close planting, timely top-dressing topdressing, improve plant resistance to disease; chemical control promote early use of appropriate drugs, generally from the end of corn to the tasselling stage or to the early stage of silkworm disease, the foliage can be sprayed Difenoconazole, diniconazole, triadimefon, mancozeb, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim, pyraclostrobin and other agents, depending on the incidence of 7 to 10 days and then spray 1, but The total number of times cannot exceed 2 times. According to the type of leaf spot disease choose drugs.
6. Corn sheath blight. Use resistant varieties. In the early stage of disease, Jinggangmycin, diniconazole, mancozeb, etc. may be sprayed on the stem base leaf sheath, or the basal leaf sheath may be peeled off to reduce the incidence. Application interval is 7 to 10 days.
7. Corn borers. The initial application of Shengfa can be applied to imidacloprid, acetamiprid, and pymetrozine.
8. Corn leafhoppers. Timely eradication of weeds at the edge of the field and elimination of early leafhopper habitats. When the leaf aphid occurs, avermectin, acetylene sulfate, pyridoxine, thiazolyl ketone, flufenoxuron, tetracycline, etc. can be used for spraying, and urea water, spreading agent, etc. can be added to restore the leaf. , improve the effectiveness of control. Focus on the control of the back of the middle and lower leaves of corn.
9. Corn rough dwarf disease. Severely occurring areas of rough dwarf disease, to avoid the nesting of wheat and summer corn; summer maize sowing in due time, avoiding the transmission of poisonous period of Laodelphax striatellus; selection of insecticides such as thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, and insecticides with systemic absorption or Seed dressing; corn 2 leaves 1 heart to 4 leaves 1 heart period, field spraying thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, pymetrozine and other insecticides, eradicate dwarf disease transmitted virus vector Laodelphax striatus, and thrips and other pests. If organic phosphorus pesticides are sprayed after emergence, do not meet with chemical herbicides. The interval between them should be more than 7 days.
Fourth, professional and unified defense technology
(a) Deep plowing in winter and field and exhumation before sowing. Deep plowing in winter and open fields and exhumation before planting will destroy pest and disease habitats and effectively reduce the number of disease and insects.
(b) Sealing techniques for Beauveria bassiana. Fifteen days prior to corn mashing, farmers were organized to use Beauveria bassiana to seal them together.
(3) Seed treatment. Insecticides, fungicides, etc. should be mixed and seeded reasonably, or seeds should be uniformly coated. Adopt technical unification, concentrating on contiguous, whole villages to promote pesticide seed dressing or seed coating technology, strengthen the quality supervision of seed coating agents, and improve pest control and disease prevention effects.
(D) trapping adult technology. During the emergence period of adult pests such as corn borer and other pests, the farmers were organized to use insecticidal lamps to seduce each generation of adult worms, and adult overwintering adults could be baited with a sex attractant.
(five) prevention and control of the end of the heart and leaf pests. During corn trumpet period, farmers are organized to use Bt, Beauveria bassiana or spray to control corn borers, cotton bollworms, etc., and insecticide fungicides such as chlorantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos, difenoconazole and carbazole are used. Reasonable compounding, uniform spraying and prevention of pests and diseases.
(six) release Trichogramma technology. During the early spawning period to the egg's height, 3 to 6 release points per mu are set to organize the farmers to release Trichogramma 2 or 3 times, and to place the bee card (leter) on the back of the middle leaves. Leaf veins.
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