First, the drug treatment cutting method involves stimulating the division and enlargement of phloem cells in the plant stem, leading to nodule formation, which then helps the cutting take root. Using specific drugs can accelerate cell division and early root development. Commonly used growth hormones include naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indole butyric acid (IBA), and 2,4-D. These are typically applied at concentrations ranging from 500 to 1000 parts per million (ppm). The cuttings are soaked in the solution for 5 to 10 minutes and then allowed to dry before being planted. This method is widely used due to its efficiency and simplicity.
Second, the ring-barking method involves removing a strip of bark from the base of the cutting, which interrupts the flow of organic nutrients downward. As a result, these nutrients accumulate above the ring-barked area, promoting the formation of a callus or nodule. After a certain period, the cutting is removed and placed in a rooting medium. This technique is especially useful for plants that are difficult to propagate through traditional methods and are rare or need to be preserved. Although it requires more effort, it has proven effective in many cases.
Third, the cultivation of new branches is beneficial when the parent plant is too old. Older branches often contain less nutrients and more tannins, making them weak and less likely to root successfully. To improve this, a process called shoot rejuvenation can be used. By pruning the old tree and encouraging new growth, the resulting shoots are healthier and more suitable for cuttings. These new shoots have a higher chance of rooting quickly and developing into strong plants.
Fourth, full-sun spray cutting is an advanced technique used for plants that are hard to root or cannot root at all. This method involves misting or spraying the cuttings with a nutrient-rich solution while they are exposed to direct sunlight. It is particularly useful when large numbers of plants need to be propagated quickly. The combination of light exposure and nutrient delivery helps stimulate root development, making it an efficient option for commercial or large-scale propagation.
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