First, the drug treatment cutting method involves stimulating cell division and enlargement in the stem's phloem, which leads to nodule formation and eventually root development. Applying specific growth hormones can accelerate this process. Commonly used drugs include naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indole butyric acid (IBA), and 2,4-D, typically at concentrations ranging from 500 to 1000 ppm. The cuttings are soaked in the solution for 5 to 10 minutes before being dried and planted. This technique is widely used to improve rooting success in many plant species.
Second, the ring-barking method involves removing a strip of bark from the base of the cutting, which disrupts the phloem tissue and prevents the downward movement of organic nutrients. As a result, these nutrients accumulate above the ring-barked area, promoting the formation of a callus or nodule. After some time, the cutting can be removed and planted. This method is especially useful for plants that are hard to root or have low propagation rates. Although it requires more manual effort, it has proven effective in many cases.
Third, when the mother plant is too old, its branches may lack sufficient nutrients and contain higher levels of tannins, making them less suitable for successful cuttings. In such cases, shoot rejuvenation can be applied. By pruning the old tree, new shoots are encouraged to grow. These younger, healthier shoots are more likely to root successfully when used for cuttings, improving the overall success rate of propagation.
Fourth, full-sun spray cutting is a technique that involves misting cuttings with a nutrient-rich solution while they are exposed to direct sunlight. This method is particularly beneficial for plants that are difficult to root or do not root at all. It allows for large-scale propagation and speeds up the rooting process. The combination of light, moisture, and nutrients creates an ideal environment for root development, making it a valuable tool in horticulture.
By using these different methods, growers can increase their chances of successful plant propagation, depending on the species and the conditions available. Each technique has its own advantages and is suited to different situations, allowing for more flexible and effective plant breeding strategies.
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