The use of machinery to return straw to the field can significantly enhance soil organic matter, improve soil fertility, and support long-term crop yield increases. Proper operation and maintenance of straw returning machines are essential for maximizing efficiency and ensuring equipment longevity. Below are key considerations when using such machinery:
1. **Pre-Operation Preparation**: Before starting, thoroughly inspect all components to ensure they are securely connected, fasteners are tight, and rotating parts move smoothly. Check the tool holder and blades individually for any signs of damage, deformation, or missing parts, and replace or repair them as needed. Also, check the tension of the V-belt and apply lubricant and grease where required. Once everything is in place, run the machine for 3–5 minutes to confirm that all parts function properly.
2. **Operational Guidelines**: When entering the field, adjust the tractor’s suspension rods so the machine remains level on all sides. Ensure the depth limiter wheel is set correctly to maintain an appropriate stubble height and prevent the blade from digging into the ground. Adjust your speed based on crop density, soil moisture, and firmness, and monitor the belt tension continuously. If it becomes too loose or too tight, adjust it promptly. When connecting to the power take-off (PTO), start at a low speed, then gradually increase engine speed before engaging the unit. Avoid overloading the machine during startup to prevent mechanical damage. Never allow non-operators to be near the machine while it's running, and always disengage the power when moving between fields.
3. **Post-Operation Maintenance**: After finishing work, clean off any soil buildup from rotating parts and the inner walls of the guard plates. Inspect and adjust all moving parts and fasteners, and replenish grease in all lubrication points. If the machine will not be used for an extended period, apply anti-corrosion treatment to exposed surfaces. Store the blades in a dry, well-ventilated, and lighted area. If stored outdoors, ensure proper rain and sun protection.
4. **Common Issues and Solutions**:
- Poor crushing quality may result from a loose drive belt, worn or damaged blades, excessive forward speed, heavy load, or reversed blade direction. Adjust or replace accordingly.
- A blocked feeding inlet often occurs due to dense crops or high speed; reduce the workload or slow down the operation.
- Strong vibrations could be caused by loose bolts, misaligned yoke forks, damaged bearings, or detached blades—inspect and fix based on findings.
- Severe belt wear may be due to improper tension, mismatched belt length, heavy loads, or blade contact with the ground. Adjust based on inspection results.
Proper care and attention during operation and maintenance not only extend the life of the machine but also ensure safer and more efficient straw incorporation into the soil. Always follow manufacturer guidelines and prioritize safety at all times.
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ZHOUSHAN SINOMEGA BIOTECH ENGINEERING CO.,LTD , https://www.sinomegabiotech.com