In order to ensure optimal seedling establishment, it is essential to first confirm that the soil conditions are suitable for planting. Whenever possible, sowing should be done in a timely manner to promote uniform germination and healthy growth of the seedlings. Before sowing, seeds should be air-dried to reduce moisture content and improve handling. Applying seed coating agents or dressings can significantly enhance seed vigor and protect against early diseases. Suitable options include zincphosphate, 25% triadimefon, or 34% Weifu seed dressing, depending on local conditions and crop requirements.
For fertilization, the best practice is to apply phosphorus and potassium at the end of the growing season. If nitrogen fertilizers are used over a long period, it’s advisable to apply them all at once at the end. Urea, ammonium bicarbonate, and other common nitrogen sources should be mixed into the base fertilizer, with about 60% applied at the end of the season to ensure sustained nutrient supply.
After sowing, it's important to regularly check the seed coverings. If any areas have been exposed due to wind or animals, they should be covered immediately to maintain proper moisture and temperature for germination.
Regarding weed control, the use of herbicides such as atrazine is recommended, along with compatible options like lanso or acetochlor. Herbicides should be applied promptly after mixing, and sufficient water should be used to ensure even coverage. A minimum of three hours of watering is advised so that the chemical solution can properly penetrate and dissolve into the top layer of the soil.
For disease and pest management, several key issues need attention. For example, smut can be controlled using 10% triadimefon wettable powder or 12.5% diniconazole wettable powder. Corn borer infestations can be managed with 3% phoxim granules or 30% acephate emulsifiable concentrate. Regular monitoring and timely application of these treatments are crucial to prevent significant yield losses.
By following these practices, farmers can significantly improve crop health, increase yields, and ensure sustainable agricultural production.
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