Apricot trees are the first fruit trees to bloom in spring, marking the arrival of the season with their beautiful blossoms. The formation of flower organs relies heavily on the nutrients accumulated by the tree during the previous growing season. As a result, proper autumn care plays a crucial role in ensuring good flowering and fruit set in Hunchun. To effectively manage apricot trees in autumn, three key practices should be followed.
First, pruning and shaping the tree is essential. Apricot trees are vigorous growers, often leading to excessive branching and competition for resources. This can hinder the development of strong flowers and fruit-bearing branches. After the harvest, it's important to thin out the canopy, focusing on cutting back large branches and reducing tree height. This encourages the growth of new shoots from the lower and inner parts of the tree, which helps form short fruiting branches and cluster-like fruit structures. At the same time, maintain the main branches and ensure even light distribution. Upright branches can be trained through techniques like tying or bending. Remove any weak, diseased, or overcrowded branches to improve air circulation and sunlight penetration.
Second, fertilization and irrigation are critical during this period. In autumn, apply 50–100 kg of available nitrogen fertilizer or 30–50 kg of urea per acre, along with an appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium. For individual trees, add 3–5 kg of NPK fertilizer per planting hole. It's best if the fertilizer is applied before rainfall, but if the weather is dry, watering in August or September can help. However, avoid overwatering around the base of the tree, as prolonged waterlogging can damage the roots.
Third, pest control and leaf protection are vital. Healthy leaves are essential for nutrient production in fruit trees. Thick, green foliage ensures better flower bud development and fruiting. However, autumn conditions—such as hot, dry weather—can lead to spider mite infestations, while late-season rains may cause leaf diseases and defoliation. To prevent these issues, use fungicides like mancozeb or carbendazim, and insecticides such as chlorpyrifos. Mixing these with a spray solution can effectively protect the leaves. Adding 0.3% urea to the mixture can also benefit the tree by boosting its nutrient uptake and overall health.
By following these three key steps—pruning, fertilizing, and protecting the leaves—apricot growers can significantly improve the quality and yield of their crops in the coming season. Proper autumn management not only supports current fruit production but also lays the foundation for future growth and productivity.
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