With the wheat harvest drawing to a close, the planting of summer corn is about to begin. To better support farmers and ensure successful crop growth, it's essential to highlight key considerations for corn sowing. Given the high temperatures and humidity during the growing season, corn is highly susceptible to pests and diseases. Therefore, focusing on quality seed selection and proper sowing techniques is crucial for long-term success.
First, proper seed preparation is vital. Before sowing, choose a sunny day to dry the seeds thoroughly on mats or cloth, which improves germination rates and reduces disease risk. Seed treatment is also important—mix 100 ml of 40% phoxim with 20 g of 10% imidacloprid in 1 kg of water, then combine with 50 kg of corn seeds. After mixing, allow the seeds to dry slightly before planting.
Second, timing and sowing quality matter. As soon as wheat is harvested, if conditions allow, early planting can extend the growing period and boost yields. Use mechanical sowing to ensure even spacing and consistent depth (3–5 cm), and avoid placing seeds too close to fertilizers to prevent damage.
Third, effective weed control is necessary. During the hot and rainy season, weeds grow quickly. After the first watering, apply 48% clethodim or 42% yutianjing at 125–170 ml per mu, mixed with 30–45 kg of water. For large weeds, add 100 ml of paraquat. Ensure thorough coverage and adequate water volume to maximize effectiveness.
Fourth, balanced fertilization plays a key role. Based on soil conditions and yield goals, determine the right amount of fertilizer. For every 500 kg of corn grain produced, 15.5 kg of nitrogen, 7–8 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 14 kg of potassium oxide are needed. Farmers should use controlled-release fertilizers with NPK ratios like 22-10-14 or 22-8-14 at 30–40 kg per mu, keeping them at least 8–10 cm away from seeds. Avoid over-application, especially with high-nitrogen fertilizers.
Fifth, proper plant density is critical. Overly dense planting can lead to lodging and poor pollination. Recommended densities vary by variety: 4,000–4,500 plants per mu for resistant types like Zhengdan 958, and 3,000–3,500 for rare varieties. Row spacing should be around 60 cm, adjusted based on planting density.
Lastly, monitor for pests and diseases. High humidity and temperature create ideal conditions for insects and pathogens. Apply a mixture of imidacloprid (or acetamiprid), beta-cypermethrin, and carbendazim to protect young plants from slugs, thrips, and fungal infections, ensuring strong and healthy growth from the start.
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