The cultivation of white needle mushrooms typically relies on greenhouses for seasonal production during autumn and winter. However, in spring and summer, high temperatures prevent growth and lead to a production gap. To address this, cultivating white needle mushrooms in cold storage from May to September not only meets domestic and international market demands but also allows efficient use of existing cold storage facilities, thereby increasing profitability.
Pure white gold mushrooms differ from yellow golden mushrooms in several key aspects such as temperature requirements, humidity levels, oxygen needs, light sensitivity, mycelium development, and fruiting behavior. Many farmers have yet to master these specific conditions, leading to low yields and poor quality. Based on practical experience and research, the author shares insights into the techniques for cultivating pure white gold mushrooms, aiming to provide useful guidance for others in the field.
Cold storage facilities can be categorized based on temperature—high-temperature (for fruits) and low-temperature (for meat and seafood)—and by construction type: above-ground, underground, or cave-based. Originally designed for food storage, these facilities often lack the environmental control needed for mushroom cultivation. Therefore, they must be appropriately renovated to meet the growth requirements of white needle mushrooms.
The effectiveness of cold storage renovation varies depending on the facility’s condition. In Hebei Province, high-temperature storage units are more suitable than low-temperature ones; medium-sized storage is better than large-scale ones; above-ground structures outperform underground or cave-based options. When considering annual production, a cold storage complex performs better than individual warehouses.
Reconstructing cold storage requires minimal investment since refrigeration systems and infrastructure are already in place. Additional water, gas, and lighting are necessary. There are generally three approaches to utilizing cold storage:
First, using the cold storage complex for year-round mushroom production. Part of the space is converted into a spawn room, another part into a mushroom room, with additional areas for seed production, spice preparation, sterilization, and raw material storage, creating a self-sufficient system.
Second, using the cold storage as a summer mushroom room, with a plastic greenhouse on the ground serving as a spawn area. Simple facilities like sterilization units, inoculation stations, and inventory areas are added, enabling production without disrupting storage operations. This method also allows for planting straw mushrooms in autumn and winter, maximizing the use of idle time and boosting income.
Third, forming a cold storage consortium with neighboring warehouses. By dividing tasks and cooperating, each warehouse can specialize in different stages of production, such as spore cultivation or fruiting. This collaborative model ensures balanced interests and efficient resource use.
From a practical standpoint, the return on investment for white needle mushroom cultivation is typically 1–2 times the cost (excluding fixed assets), meaning that for every 100 yuan invested, 100–200 yuan in profit can be expected. The actual profit depends on multiple factors, including management skills, cultivation techniques, scale, pricing, facilities, staff quality, and operational efficiency. Depending on the layout and height of the cold storage, the daily cost per bag is about one cent, with a biological conversion rate of 50–100%. With four 150-square-meter cold storage units, annual revenue could reach around 960,000 yuan, and after deducting costs, profits could reach up to 600,000 yuan annually. The initial investment is spread over four batches, making it manageable and allowing quick recovery of funds. Additionally, other mushrooms can be processed into salted products, adding further value.
However, successful cold storage cultivation requires careful management of temperature, humidity, gas exchange, and light to meet the needs of the mushrooms. Failure to do so can result in poor quality or reduced yields, causing financial losses. For example, in July 1995 in Liuzhou City, Guangxi, four warehouses were used to grow white gold mushrooms, but due to improper temperature control, the mushrooms failed in the later stage, resulting in a loss of 100,000 yuan. Lessons learned include:
1. During the germination phase, high temperatures cause rapid aging of the mycelium and create favorable conditions for contamination.
2. After the mycelium is well developed, if the temperature remains too high (above 10°C), the fruit bodies become elongated, loose, and prone to early aging, reducing commercial value.
3. Mushrooms may grow unevenly, lose elasticity, and become tough and unappealing, indicating a lack of "inhibition treatment" during the young stage. To ensure quality, the temperature should be lowered to 4–6°C for 4–8 days during the early growth phase.
Flex Clear Tape,Clear Flex Tape,Flex Seal Clear Tape,Clear Flex Seal Tape
Kunshan Jieyudeng Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.jerrytape.com