Drying equipment is one of the extensive unit equipments used in the application of Zui. It can be considered that the application of drying equipment has spread throughout the various sectors of national production. For drying equipment, it must not be simply considered to be a thermophysical dewatering machine. Due to the different materials processed during the drying process, the wetted species are different, and the various indicators of the products are also different. The installation location of the equipment is different. There are different requirements for the selection of the drying equipment, the type of equipment, and the manufacturing and installation methods. Proper handling of these problems is one of the important factors in the successful design of drying equipment.
1 Characteristics of drying equipment 1.1 Types of drying equipment So far, there have been hundreds of drying equipments that have been successfully developed, and there are more than 100 kinds of drying equipment commonly used in industrial production. There are many classification methods for drying equipment. If the heat transfer method according to the drying process can be divided into convection dryers (such as airflow dryers, spray dryers, rotary quick dryers, fluidized bed dryers, etc.), conduction heat transfer Dryers (such as sputum dryers, roller dryers), radiation dryers (such as microwave dryers, far infrared dryers), etc. In addition, there are drying equipment such as paddle dryers that combine several heat transfer methods.
1.2 Characteristics of drying equipment Most dryers are non-standard equipment, mainly because the materials processed by each dryer are different. Many drying conditions change with materials, which leads to the structure and materials of the dryer. change. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the specific parameters of the material to be dried, such as the state of the material, the type of moisture contained, the amount of treatment, the characteristics of the material during the drying process, whether it is corrosive, burning and explosive, whether static electricity is generated, the specific requirements of the product, and the heat sensitivity of the material. Temperature, etc., to determine the various parameters of the dryer. For this reason, many dryers cannot be mass-produced, and attention must be paid to the material's pertinence and adaptability to working conditions during the design process.
2 The selection method of the drying equipment manufacturing materials is well known. The material of the drying equipment is an important element constituting the cost of the drying device. Reasonable material selection is an important means to control the price of the equipment. In general, the choice of materials for drying equipment should be considered from the following aspects:
2.1 Meeting the needs of the material being processed The main task of the drying equipment is to dry a given material. Due to the wide variety of materials processed by the dryer, it covers many fields such as grain, food, pharmaceutical, chemical, forest products, paper, metallurgy, etc., and the products are difficult to count. The materials to be dried require a wide range of requirements. For example, chemical reagents, pharmaceuticals, electronic materials, electrical ceramic materials, etc. must not be mixed with iron ions. Therefore, carbon steel materials should be avoided in equipment selection. In addition, if the moisture content in the material contains acid, alkali, salt, organic solvent, etc., it will be corrosive to different metal materials. Especially in the heating process, the corrosion of the material will be intensified, so the appropriate material should be selected according to the characteristics of the moisture contained in the material.
2.2 Selection of materials for dryer type As mentioned above, there are many types of dryers, each of which has a different working principle, so it should be fully considered when selecting materials. For example, when the airflow dryer is used to dry magnesium oxide, the material is very high in the gas flow tube, the magnesium oxide material is hard, and the drying pipe is severely worn at the turning wall. Therefore, it is necessary to design an anti-wear structure or select a wear-resistant material in this area. . For another example, compared with carbon steel, the thermal conductivity of stainless steel materials is significantly lower than the former. Therefore, in the drying equipment mainly based on conduction heat transfer, if stainless steel is selected as the main material, the heat exchange area of ​​the equipment should be calculated by the thermal conductivity of stainless steel. The engineering example proves that when selecting a steam heat exchanger, the stainless steel material is 30% larger than the carbon steel material.
2.3 Selection of materials for the drying process Different drying conditions are also different. I have designed a high-temperature dryer to polymerize the inorganic salts while drying them. The dry hot air temperature is required to be above 800 °C. The dry material has to choose high-temperature resistant stainless steel, but considering that the drying chamber is not in the high temperature zone, according to the calculation, only the high temperature resistant material is selected in the high temperature zone. It has been running for more than a year and everything is fine.
2.4 Selecting materials for the equipment installation environment In many cases, although the above conditions can meet the requirements, we must also pay attention to the material requirements of the equipment installation environment. If the equipment is installed in a chemical plant, the environment should be carefully considered for the corrosion of the equipment, control system, and electrical system, and a reasonable design plan should be drawn.
1 Characteristics of drying equipment 1.1 Types of drying equipment So far, there have been hundreds of drying equipments that have been successfully developed, and there are more than 100 kinds of drying equipment commonly used in industrial production. There are many classification methods for drying equipment. If the heat transfer method according to the drying process can be divided into convection dryers (such as airflow dryers, spray dryers, rotary quick dryers, fluidized bed dryers, etc.), conduction heat transfer Dryers (such as sputum dryers, roller dryers), radiation dryers (such as microwave dryers, far infrared dryers), etc. In addition, there are drying equipment such as paddle dryers that combine several heat transfer methods.
1.2 Characteristics of drying equipment Most dryers are non-standard equipment, mainly because the materials processed by each dryer are different. Many drying conditions change with materials, which leads to the structure and materials of the dryer. change. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the specific parameters of the material to be dried, such as the state of the material, the type of moisture contained, the amount of treatment, the characteristics of the material during the drying process, whether it is corrosive, burning and explosive, whether static electricity is generated, the specific requirements of the product, and the heat sensitivity of the material. Temperature, etc., to determine the various parameters of the dryer. For this reason, many dryers cannot be mass-produced, and attention must be paid to the material's pertinence and adaptability to working conditions during the design process.
2 The selection method of the drying equipment manufacturing materials is well known. The material of the drying equipment is an important element constituting the cost of the drying device. Reasonable material selection is an important means to control the price of the equipment. In general, the choice of materials for drying equipment should be considered from the following aspects:
2.1 Meeting the needs of the material being processed The main task of the drying equipment is to dry a given material. Due to the wide variety of materials processed by the dryer, it covers many fields such as grain, food, pharmaceutical, chemical, forest products, paper, metallurgy, etc., and the products are difficult to count. The materials to be dried require a wide range of requirements. For example, chemical reagents, pharmaceuticals, electronic materials, electrical ceramic materials, etc. must not be mixed with iron ions. Therefore, carbon steel materials should be avoided in equipment selection. In addition, if the moisture content in the material contains acid, alkali, salt, organic solvent, etc., it will be corrosive to different metal materials. Especially in the heating process, the corrosion of the material will be intensified, so the appropriate material should be selected according to the characteristics of the moisture contained in the material.
2.2 Selection of materials for dryer type As mentioned above, there are many types of dryers, each of which has a different working principle, so it should be fully considered when selecting materials. For example, when the airflow dryer is used to dry magnesium oxide, the material is very high in the gas flow tube, the magnesium oxide material is hard, and the drying pipe is severely worn at the turning wall. Therefore, it is necessary to design an anti-wear structure or select a wear-resistant material in this area. . For another example, compared with carbon steel, the thermal conductivity of stainless steel materials is significantly lower than the former. Therefore, in the drying equipment mainly based on conduction heat transfer, if stainless steel is selected as the main material, the heat exchange area of ​​the equipment should be calculated by the thermal conductivity of stainless steel. The engineering example proves that when selecting a steam heat exchanger, the stainless steel material is 30% larger than the carbon steel material.
2.3 Selection of materials for the drying process Different drying conditions are also different. I have designed a high-temperature dryer to polymerize the inorganic salts while drying them. The dry hot air temperature is required to be above 800 °C. The dry material has to choose high-temperature resistant stainless steel, but considering that the drying chamber is not in the high temperature zone, according to the calculation, only the high temperature resistant material is selected in the high temperature zone. It has been running for more than a year and everything is fine.
2.4 Selecting materials for the equipment installation environment In many cases, although the above conditions can meet the requirements, we must also pay attention to the material requirements of the equipment installation environment. If the equipment is installed in a chemical plant, the environment should be carefully considered for the corrosion of the equipment, control system, and electrical system, and a reasonable design plan should be drawn.
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